Herbal Teas and Toxins: Novel Aspects of Pyrrolizidine Poisoning in the United States

Huxtable, Ryan J.

doi:10.1353/pbm.1980.0078

Cited by 153 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Seaman et al (1989) reported "moderately severe" liver damage in sheep after grazing on Echium plantagineum. Human infants have been poisoned by pyrrolizidine alkaloids in herbal teas (Huxtable 1980). Humans may also be exposed to pyrrolizidine alkaloids by eating honey derived from bees visiting E. plantaginium, which has many of the same alkaloids as E. vulgare Culvenor 1985).…”

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liver poisoning by pyrrolizidine alkaloids in humans is a gradual, cumulative process, and symptoms may not be evident until the latter stages Culvenor 1985). The etiology is discussed by Huxtable (1980), Keeler (1983), and Mattocks (1986). No therapy is known for toxin-induced disease of the liver (Huxtable 1980;Keeler 1983;Lampe and McCann 1985).…”

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The etiology is discussed by Huxtable (1980), Keeler (1983), and Mattocks (1986). No therapy is known for toxin-induced disease of the liver (Huxtable 1980;Keeler 1983;Lampe and McCann 1985). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids also inhibit mitosis, cause chromosomal abnormalities, and are mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic (Culvenor 1985).…”

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The biology of Canadian weeds. 116. Echium vulgare L.

Klemow¹,

Clements²,

Threadgill³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The biology of Canadian weeds. 116. Echium vulgare L.

Klemow¹,

Clements²,

Threadgill³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Ainda assim, sabe-se que chás preparados a partir de plantas de uso popular podem produzir sérios efeitos adversos em animais e em seres humanos (Huxtable, 1980;Schoental, 1982). Esses e outros aspectos motivaram a intensificação de pesquisas com plantas usadas na medicina popular, visando esclarecer seus possíveis efeitos tóxicos, assim como fornecer subsídios para utilizá-las in natura em vários processos patológicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo de biocompatibilidade in vivo e in vitro do extrato hidroalcoólico de Cissus sicyoides L. - Vitaceae em ratos

Cavalcanti

Ximenes

Couto

et al. 2013

Rev. bras. plantas med.

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Palavras-chave: cissus, teste de biocompatibilidade, materiais biocompatíveis, plantas medicinais aBstRaCt: study of in vivo and in vitro biocompatibility of Cissus sicyoides L. -Vitaceae hydroalcoholic extracts in rats. Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to perform specific tasks when applied to living tissues without causing damage or injuries to it. Thus, this study aimed at determining the in vivo and in vitro biocompatibility of Cissus sicyoides L. -Vitaceae hydroalcoholic extracts. A total of 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus Albinus Wistar), with ages ranging from 45 to 90 days and weighing between 170 and 260g were used. The animals were divided into 3 groups (A1, A2 and A3) with 6 animals each, for the in vivo test, which were sacrificed after 2, 4 and 6 days, respectively. For in vitro test, 12 animals were used to obtain the index of adherence and phagocytic ability of macrophages of rats from the control and the experimental groups. In results found for the in vivo test, it was concluded that the extract was biocompatible, whereas no significant changes were observed in the tissue. As to the in vitro test, the extract was not biocompatible, since the pure extract showed a low rate of adherence (7.1) and a high rate of phagocytosis (35.7), indicating a significant difference when compared to the control group. However, when diluted, the extract was shown to be harmless, due to an increase in the values of the adherence index at the following concentrations : 1/10 (61.4) and 1/100 (74.3) in the tests, which showed no significant differences when compared to the control group. After analyzing the data, it was concluded that since the infusion of the plant is a kind of dilution, its use does not cause any harm to the body. A new study is necessary at the moment to possibily demonstrate its effects on the long term.

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“…Herbal medicines are not pure products with a single active ingredient and the heterogenous nature of herbal medicines makes safety monitoring essential (Huxtable, 1980). Even though many bacteria are resistance to antibiotics, there exists little publication on the bacteria that show resistance to synthetic antibiotics (Kuete et al, 2007b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-vitro evaluation of the anti-bacterial properties of crude extracts of Dorstenia mannii (Moraceae)

Fokunang¹,

Mejane²,

Noumie³

et al. 2012

J. Microbiol. Antimicrob.

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Bacterial resistance to classical antibiotics nowadays is becoming a health concern in Cameroon. Patients suffering from bacteria attack spend money to carry out laboratory tests for effective diagnosis, with very little positive results. This is due to the fact that most of our hospitals lack the up to date laboratory equipments, to detect the real antibiotic that will kill a particular bacterium. This has led to more patients spending a lot of money on bacterial infection treatment, and some even end up dying with the disease. It is on this basis that this work was designed to research the antibacterial properties of the extracts namely crude extract, hexane-acetate 25%, hexane-acetate 50%, hexaneacetate 75%, hexane, acetate and methanol of the leaves of Dorstenia mannii, a plant that is readily available from our natural environment at little or no cost. These extracts were tested on the following bacteria species namely; Gram-negative bacteria; Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica; Gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sp. After some laboratory analysis using the antibiogramme sensitivity test, it was discovered that the extracts of the leaves of D. mannii were only sensitive on three of the eight bacteria used which were, E. coli, S. enterica and Klebsiella sp. The other five namely; P. aeruginosa, E. aerogenes, P. mirabilis, S. aureus and Bacillus sp, were resistant to the extract. The sensitivity level of the three bacteria, that showed positive response where however low. Therefore, more research has to be carried out using different concentrations of the leaves extract for a more conclusive result. This concentration could permit to appreciate the degree of sensitivity and also to see if other bacteria that have not manifested any sensitivity can show some positive response to the extracts. Also, different laboratory methods and more bacteria should be used to prove that the leaves of D. mannii have the potential as a promising antibacterial medicinal plant to either render bacteria inactive or kill them completely.

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Herbal Teas and Toxins: Novel Aspects of Pyrrolizidine Poisoning in the United States

Cited by 153 publications

References 16 publications

The biology of Canadian weeds. 116. Echium vulgare L.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 116. Echium vulgare L.

Estudo de biocompatibilidade in vivo e in vitro do extrato hidroalcoólico de Cissus sicyoides L. - Vitaceae em ratos

In-vitro evaluation of the anti-bacterial properties of crude extracts of Dorstenia mannii (Moraceae)

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