Herbage utilisation efficiency of continuously stocked pastures during periods of restricted pasture growth

Miqueloto, Tiago; Neto, Cauby de Medeiros; Martins, Clóvis David Medeiros; Barbosa, Rodrigo Amorim; Silva, Sila Carneiro da; Sbrissia, André Fischer

doi:10.1080/09064710.2019.1699157

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Conversely, the intensive system had a higher proportion of foliar blade, extended tiller removal, and defoliation interval. Although N fertilization of the intensive system might have increased the nutritional value of the pasture [10], the actual stocking rate (3.8 AU, the highest among pasture intensification systems) may have implied the maximum grazing of the more digestible tissues of the pasture [46]. The extensive system had a low defoliation interval due to the low stocking rate (1.9 AU), but the high intensity of foliar blade and extended tiller removal, which was similar to the intensive systems, was probably a way to compensate for the low nutritional value of the pasture [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive Production and Management of Marandu Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’) Accelerates Leaf Turnover but Does Not Change Herbage Mass

et al. 2021

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Pasture intensification through higher stocking rates, nitrogen fertilization and intensified grazing management in beef cattle production optimizes pasture use by increasing the forage harvested. We aimed to assess its effects on the morphogenesis and canopy structure of Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’ (marandu palisadegrass) pastures. The treatments consisted of marandu palisadegrass pastures managed under continuous stocking and a canopy height of 25 cm, with different levels of intensification: extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive systems N-fertilized with 0 kg, 75 kg, and 150 kg N ha−1 year−1, respectively, as ammonium nitrate (32% of N), with four replicates (paddocks) in a completely randomized design. Phyllochron (9.8 days) and leaf lifespan (34.7 days) were shorter in intensified pastures, whereas herbage mass was similar among treatments. Extensive pastures had a higher proportion of senescent material; thus, more intensive systems showed higher proportions of leaves and stems, although the leaves-to-stem ratio remained similar across production systems. The defoliation interval was lower in intensive (14.4 days) and higher in extensive (18.7 days) treatments. Thus, pasture intensification accelerates leaf appearance, decreases leaf lifespan, shortens the tiller defoliation interval and increased herbage accumulation rate but does not change herbage mass. The extensive system produces excessive forage losses due to dead material.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive Production and Management of Marandu Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’) Accelerates Leaf Turnover but Does Not Change Herbage Mass

et al. 2021

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“…In the post-grazing period, the grazing intensity of 60% promoted the lower estimates of leaf lamina mass. This condition usually occurs in the management that adopts higher stocking rates and/or strategies that aim to potentialize the use of the forage produced (Benvenutti et al, 2016;Pavetti et al, 2018;Miqueloto et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To detect the oscillations in the defoliation pattern during the lowering period of the pastures, the technique of marked tillers was used (Miqueloto et al, 2020). For this measurement, during the pre-grazing, 45 vegetative tillers were marked per paddock, 15 of each grass of the intercropping, identified, and distributed in equidistant points.…”

Section: Defoliation Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defoliation Dynamics on Grazing Horizons in Pastures Intercropped by Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, and Brachiaria decumbens

Fernandes

Barbosa

Morais

et al. 2020

Trop. Anim. Sci. J.

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The aim of this study was to quantify and verify the defoliation dynamics process of the Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, and Brachiaria decumbens intercropping during the formation of four grazing horizons in lenient grazing intensities and high grazing intensity. Pastures were managed in a pregrazing height of 70 cm, and as post-grazing height, the criteria of 40% and 60% were used in relation to the pre-grazing height. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with a 3x4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the cultivars of intercropped grasses consisted of 3 cultivars, i.e., BRS Zuri, Xaraés, and Basilisk. The second factor was grazing horizons consisted of 4 levels, i.e., I: one; II: two; III: three; IV: four. In the intercropping managed with 40% of the forage canopy height removal, oscillations were observed in the severity of defoliation of the extended tiller among the intercropped species, in which the tiller reduction of the 'Basilisk' was 32% lower in relation to 'BRS Zuri'. In the intercropping managed with 60% of the forage canopy height removal intensity, disproportionality was observed among the grasses, because the 'Basilisk' suffered a higher severity and frequency of pseudostem defoliation. In intercropped pastures managed under grazing intensities of 40%, as the animal explores the grazing horizons, the vertical distribution of the pseudostem could modify the shape and positioning of the depth of the bite, leading the animal to perform less selective grazing among the species. Due to the higher supply of pseudostem mass at the intensity of 60%, it was possible to infer that there was a reduction in forage intake.

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“…On the other hand, Miqueloto et al (2019) described the possibility of flexibilization in the management goals adopted, especially in tropical regions, as there are more favorable periods of time for forage production than others, and the exit of the grazing area would be based on both residual biomass and its structure (morphological composition) (Zanini et al, 2012;Silva et al, 2015a). Gomide et al (2007) already indicated that an RLAI greater than 1.0 and lesser than 2.0 would be ideal, as it would be able to boost the rapid recovery of the canopy, due to the production of photoassimilates, without compromising its continuity and quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Brachiaria decumbens ‘Basilisk’ pasture subjected to flexible grazing by sheep

Conrado

Lopes

Cândido

et al. 2021

Chil. j. agric. res.

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The sustainability of animal production on pasture is based on improving the management of forage species used, which ensures increase in animal productivity, pasture perenniality and cost reduction. The objective was to characterize productive, structural, physiological and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) responses of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf 'Basilisk' over the flexibilization of the grazing management adopted. Four defoliation combinations were evaluated, which consisted of the arrangement of two (85% and 95%) light interceptions (LI) and two (1.3 and 1.8) residual leaf area indexes (RLAI), as parameters of entry and exit of the animals from the pasture, respectively. Higher total forage biomass was observed (TFB, kg DM ha -1 ) 18.82%, when the canopy was managed at the lowest defoliation frequencies (95% LI), but with a higher morphological composition of the stem component and dead material. The 95% LI produced an extra layer of leaves than the canopy managed at 85% LI. The physiological variables were affected by the higher frequency of defoliation (85% LI), with lower photosynthetic rates. NDVI was higher in the canopy managed in the pre-grazing condition at 95% LI (0.88) and residual condition at 1.8 RLAI (0.49), when compared to 85% LI (0.86) and 1.3 RLAI (0.44). For greater production per animal, managing at 85% LI × 1.8 RLAI with pre-grazing and residual NDVI of 0.85 and 0.49, respectively, is the most suitable while for greater animal production per area, managing at 95% LI × 1.3 RLAI with pre-grazing and residual NDVI of 0.88 and 0.44, respectively, becomes more efficient.

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Herbage utilisation efficiency of continuously stocked pastures during periods of restricted pasture growth

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Intensive Production and Management of Marandu Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’) Accelerates Leaf Turnover but Does Not Change Herbage Mass

Intensive Production and Management of Marandu Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’) Accelerates Leaf Turnover but Does Not Change Herbage Mass

Defoliation Dynamics on Grazing Horizons in Pastures Intercropped by Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, and Brachiaria decumbens

Characterization of Brachiaria decumbens ‘Basilisk’ pasture subjected to flexible grazing by sheep

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Herbage utilisation efficiency of continuously stocked pastures during periods of restricted pasture growth

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Intensive Production and Management of Marandu Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’) Accelerates Leaf Turnover but Does Not Change Herbage Mass

Intensive Production and Management of Marandu Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’) Accelerates Leaf Turnover but Does Not Change Herbage Mass

Defoliation Dynamics on Grazing Horizons in Pastures Intercropped by Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, and Brachiaria decumbens

Characterization of Brachiaria decumbens &#8216;Basilisk&#8217; pasture subjected to flexible grazing by sheep

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Characterization of Brachiaria decumbens ‘Basilisk’ pasture subjected to flexible grazing by sheep