Hepatoprotective Effect of &lt;i&gt;Pandanus odoratissimus&lt;/i&gt; L Inflorescence Extracts in Acetaminophen-treated Guinea Pigs

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

et al. 2022

Acetaminophen, also known as N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (NAPAP), is a traditional antipyretic and analgesic that is used extensively around the world to treat colds and fevers. However, a NAPAP excess causes rapid, severe liver and kidney damage. The goal of the study was to examine the protective effects and determine the mechanisms of action of MPHE, hesperidin, and quercetin in NAPAP-induced hepatorenal damage in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats received a 0.5 g/kg oral supplement of NAPAP every other day for a period of four weeks. During the same period of NAPAP supplementation, MPHE (50 mg/kg), quercetin (20 mg/kg), and hesperidin (20 mg/kg) were administered to rats receiving NAPAP. MPHE, quercetin, and hesperidin treatments significantly improved liver function in NAPAP-supplemented rats. The high serum levels of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and γ-glutamyl transferase as well as total bilirubin were significantly reduced, while the levels of suppressed serum albumin were significantly increased, demonstrating this improvement. Treatments utilizing these natural substances significantly enhanced kidney function as seen by a considerable decline in the increased blood levels of urea, uric acid, and creatinine. Additionally, the injection of MPHE, hesperidin, and quercetin resulted in a decrease in the quantity of lipid peroxides while increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase in the liver and kidneys. The treatments markedly abated the NAPAP-induced liver and kidney histological perturbations and reduced the NAPAP-induced serum tumor necrosis factor-α level and liver and kidney proapoptotic protein 53 and caspase 3 expressions. Otherwise, serum interleukin-4 level significantly increased by treatments. The MPHE, hesperidin, and quercetin treatments resulted in marked decrease in liver and kidney histopathological scores including inflammation, necrosis, apoptosis, and congestion. In conclusion, the MPHE, quercetin, and hesperidin may induce hepatonephropreventive impacts in NAPAP-supplemented rats via enhancing the antioxidant defense system, anti-inflammatory activity, and antiapoptotic action.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Effects of Mandarin Fruit Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Hesperidin, and Quercetin on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatonephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats

Eldin

Fahim

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

et al. 2022

“…APAP, when used at high doses, could cause acute liver injury most probably via formation of NAPQI, a toxic oxidant, by cytochrome P450 [53]. NAPQI is usually inactivated by hepatic GSH, but when produced excessively, it covalently binds to centrilobular hepatic proteins and depletes GSH content, contributing to hepatic toxicity [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preventive Effects and the Mechanisms of Action of Navel Orange Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Naringin, and Naringenin in N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol-Induced Liver Injury in Wistar Rats

Fahim

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

et al. 2019

N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP) or acetaminophen is the most common drug ingredient worldwide. It is found in more than 600 different over-the-counter and prescription medicines. Its long-term and overdose use is highly toxic and may result in liver injury. Thus, this study was designed to assess the preventive effects and to suggest the mechanisms of action of the navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin, and naringenin in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. APAP was administered to male Wistar rats at a dose level of 0.5 g/kg body weight (b.w.) by oral gavage every other day for 4 weeks. APAP-administered rats were treated with the navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract (50 mg/kg b.w.), naringin (20 mg/kg b.w.), and naringenin (20 mg/kg b.w.) by oral gavage every other day during the same period of APAP administration. The treatments of APAP-administered rats with the peel extract, naringin, and naringenin produced a significant decrease in the elevated serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, and GGT activities as well as total bilirubin and TNF-α levels while they induced a significant increase in the lowered serum albumin and IL-4 levels. The treatments also resulted in a significant decrease in the elevated liver lipid peroxidation and enhanced the liver GSH content and SOD, GST, and GPx activities as compared with APAP-administered control; the peel extract was the most potent in improving the liver LPO, GSH content, and GPx activity. In addition, the three treatments significantly downregulated the elevated hepatic proapoptotic mediators p53, Bax, and caspase-3 and significantly upregulated the suppressed antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-2, in APAP-administered rats. In association, the treatments markedly amended the APAP-induced liver histopathological deteriorations that include hepatocyte steatosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis together with mononuclear leucocytic and fibroblastic inflammatory cells’ infiltration. In conclusion, the navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin, and naringenin may exert their hepatopreventive effects in APAP-administered rats via enhancement of the antioxidant defense system and suppression of inflammation and apoptosis.

Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

“…Only researches related to pharmacological activities of this plant species were taken in account in this work. 21,[23][24][25][26] Still, there is no scientific evidence available for treating such as skin diseases, urinary tract illnesses, asthma, and tumors in traditional medicines. Hence, it is worth studying these pharmacological activities for creating more scientific evidence for the traditional medicinal uses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results revealed that the extract unveiled a significant hepatoprotective activity at the stated dose. 25…”

Section: Hepatoprotective Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Activities of Extracts and Isolated Phytochemical Constituents of Pandanus Odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze

Sathasivampillai¹,

Shanmugalingam²,

Sebastian

2021

Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze belongs to the Pandanaceae family. P. odorifer is used in traditional medicines to treat diabetes, jaundice, skin diseases, brain disorders, and urinary tract illnesses. This work aims to present a comprehensive review to analyze, summarize, and document the reported pharmacological activities of this plant species. Compounds such as eugenol, capric acid, germacrene B, camphor, and linalool have been discovered in this plant species. The major electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) were applied to identify the relevant published studies from 1900 to June 2021. In vitro and in vivo level of scientific evidence of pharmacological activities of various extracts and active compounds of this plant species is available at the moment. Pharmacological investigations show that P. odorifer possesses such as antioxidant, chemoprotective, antidepressant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. This work provides a basis for further pharmacological and phytochemical researches using P. odorifer.