Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze belongs to the Pandanaceae family. P. odorifer is used in traditional medicines to treat diabetes, jaundice, skin diseases, brain disorders, and urinary tract illnesses. This work aims to present a comprehensive review to analyze, summarize, and document the reported pharmacological activities of this plant species. Compounds such as eugenol, capric acid, germacrene B, camphor, and linalool have been discovered in this plant species. The major electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) were applied to identify the relevant published studies from 1900 to June 2021. In vitro and in vivo level of scientific evidence of pharmacological activities of various extracts and active compounds of this plant species is available at the moment. Pharmacological investigations show that P. odorifer possesses such as antioxidant, chemoprotective, antidepressant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. This work provides a basis for further pharmacological and phytochemical researches using P. odorifer.
Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce insulin or cannot use insulin effectively. In Sri Lanka, 1.2 million people among the age group of 20 to 79 were affected by diabetes in 2019. Biomedicine antidiabetic medications cause common side effects such as bladder cancer, dehydration, sinusitis, kidney illness, and urinary infections. Consumption of green leafy vegetables minimizes the risk of developing diabetes. Hence, this work aims to identify and document the green leafy vegetables currently sold in Trincomalee District in Sri Lanka by performing fieldwork visits to the main markets and the surrounding green leafy vegetable kiosks, shops, superstores, and streets from January 2019 to June 2021. The levels of antidiabetic scientific evidence available for the identified green leafy vegetable species were assessed by recognizing the relevant published works in the electronic databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, etc., until September 2021. A total of 99 green leafy vegetable species from 43 families were recognized. The majority of the green leafy vegetables had in vivo (33%), followed by in vitro (16%) and clinical (9%) as scientific evidences. Also, 49 antidiabetic compounds were already isolated from the identified green leafy vegetables. This study forms a foundation for further studies using the green leafy vegetable species in Trincomalee. ÖZ Diyabet, insülinin vücut tarafından üretilmediği veya etkili bir şekilde kullanılamadığı bir hastalıktır. 2019 yılında, Sri Lanka'da 20 ila 79 yaş arası 1,2 milyon kişi diyabetten etkilenmiştir. Biyomedikal antidiyabetik ilaçlar, mesane kanseri, dehidratasyon, sinüzit, böbrek hastalığı veya idrar yolu enfeksiyonları gibi yaygın yan etkilere neden olabilir. Yeşil yapraklı sebzelerin tüketilmesi diyabet gelişme riskini azaltır. Bu çalışmada, Ocak 2019-Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında, Sri Lanka'nın Trincomalee Bölgesi'nde bulunan başlıca pazarlarda ve yeşil yapraklı sebze satan büfeler, dükkanlar, süpermarketler ve sokak satıcıları ziyaret edilerek yapılan saha çalışması sonucunda satılan yeşil yapraklı sebzeleri belirlemek ve raporlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Tespit edilen yeşil yapraklı sebze türleri için mevcut antidiyabetik etkisine yönelik bilimsel kanıt seviyeleri, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus vb. elektronik veri tabanlarında Eylül 2021'e kadar yayınlanmış ilgili çalışmalar tanınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Toplamda 43 familyaya ait 99 yeşil yapraklı sebze tanımlanmıştır. Bilimsel kanıt olarak, yeşil yapraklı sebzelerin çoğu üzerinde yapılmış in vivo (33% ) çalışmalar olup daha sonra, in vitro (16%) ve klinik çalışmalar (9%) gelmektedir. Ayrıca belirlenmiş yeşil yapraklı sebzelerden izole edildiği bilinen 49 antidiyabetik etkili bileşik bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Trincomalee'deki yeşil yapraklı sebze türlerinin kullanımına yönelik sonraki çalışmalar için bir kaynak oluşturacaktır.
J n e k o l o j k L a p a r o s k o p k Op e r a s y o n l a r d a İ n t r a a b d o m n a l K a r b o n d o k s t İ n s ü fl a s y o n u n a B a ğ l ı E n d -T d a l K a r b o n d o k s t D e
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