Hepatogenous photosensitization in ruminants and horses caused by the ingestion of Chamaecrista serpens in Brazil

Mendonça, Múcio Fernando Ferraro de; Pimentel, Luciano A.; Leal, Paula V.; Filho, José C. Oliveira; Caymmi, Lais G.; Silva, Antonio W.O.; Jesus, Rubens S.; Peixoto, Tiago da Cunha

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.01.013

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Recently, the toxicity of C. serpens was described in ruminants and horses in the semi-arid region of Bahia and its photosensitizing action was confirmed in sheep [ 5 ]. In these initial studies, the intoxication was produced in adult sheep in a pasture invaded by C. serpens .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this experiment, only one necropsy was performed, and the animal showed liver lesions suggestive of hepatogenous photosensitization. However, in this same study [ 5 ], the authors drew attention to some inconsistencies: the appearance of clinical signs was very fast, lethality in natural cases was rare, and there was rapid recovery after removal of the animals from the pastures invaded by the plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plants used in the experiments (stem, leaves, flowers and fruits) were harvested on a property in the municipality of Santaluz (11°19′27.9″ S 39°40′15.5″ W— Figure 1 a), where spontaneous outbreaks of photosensitization caused by C. serpens were recently described in cattle, sheep and horses [ 5 ]. Exsiccate specimens of the plant used in the experiments were identified in the Herbarium of the Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (HUEFS) (n° 240995) as Chamaecrista serpens (L) Greene var.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. serpens is popularly known as “sarninha” or “pela-égua” and presents with severe photosensitive dermatitis, which has drawn the attention of ranchers and equine breeders, due to its high incidence and, consequently, economic losses. Clinical signs observed include restlessness, irritation, pruritus and photosensitization [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary Photosensitization by Chamaecrista serpens in Santa Inês Sheep

Mendonça

Caymmi

Silva

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study aimed to clarify the type of photosensitization induced by C. serpens and to verify if the plant remains toxic after being collected and stored. Eight crossbred sheep, aged between 6 and 36 months, were divided into three groups (G1 to G3). Over 30 days, daily, G1 received an exclusive diet of C. serpens, and G2 and G3 received 10 g/kg/BW and 20 g/kg/BW, respectively. Two other sheep were used as controls (CG). Before administration, the plant had been harvested every 15 days. Liver biopsies and blood samples were taken from all sheep on day zero and weekly. All sheep that received the plant developed clinical signs of photosensitization, and no changes were observed in the serum activities of AST and GGT. On day 30, all sheep except Ov1 from G1 and Ov7 were euthanized and necropsied. All sheep that received the plant developed clinical signs. Macroscopic or histologic lesions were not observed in the liver. Ov 1 recovered 13 days after the end of ingestion. These results demonstrated that C. serpens causes primary photosensitization. It is advisable to avoid grazing on pastures invaded by the plant or to remove them from the pastures immediately after observing the first signs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Primary Photosensitization by Chamaecrista serpens in Santa Inês Sheep

Mendonça

Caymmi

Silva

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…(Brachiaria spp.) (Assis et al 2010) and the species Chamaecrista serpens (L.) Greene (Mendonça et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of goats to poisoning by Tephrosia cinérea

et al. 2022

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Spontaneous and experimental poisoning by Tephrosia cinerea in the northeastern semiarid region of Brazil has only been described in sheep. Pathologically, such poisoning leads to ascites and centrilobular liver fibrosis. However, these effects require an experimental study in goats. This study aimed to determine the goats’ susceptibility to the ingestion of T. cinerea and the minimum toxic dose, describing the main clinical and anatomopathological findings. Poisoning was reproduced experimentally in one sheep that received 10g/kg of the ground plant and in two goats, the first receiving a dose of 5g/kg and the second receiving 10g/kg of the ground plant. The sheep presented abdominal distension 34 days after beginning the ingestion of the plant, developing sternal decubitus, breathing difficulty, opisthotonos, mandibular trismus, salivation, dysphagia, vocalization, and pedaling movements on the 50th day of the experiment. Fluid accumulation was observed in the abdominal cavity and liver via necropsy, with an irregular, slightly whitish capsular surface. Histologically, the main lesions observed in the liver were moderate fibrosis, marked sinusoidal distension, accompanied by marked hemorrhage, sometimes forming bridges between the centrilobular regions, associated with a dissociation of hepatocyte cords. There were discrete Alzheimer’s type II astrocytes in the gray matter in the region of the occipital cortex in the nervous system. Goat 2 showed apathy, drowsiness, and weight loss; on the 62th day, lateral decubitus evolved to sternal decubitus, with a rotation of the neck towards the flank. At necropsy, marked edema was observed on the face and dewlap, and a slight accumulation of liquid; slightly yellowish material was observed in the abdominal cavity. There were discrete blackened areas on the capsular surface in the liver. Histologically, the liver showed mild centrilobular fibrosis associated with mild dissociation of hepatocyte cords and mild vacuolar degeneration of the hepatocyte cytoplasm. Goat 1 showed no clinical signs; at necropsy, discrete multifocal areas were observed in the liver on the capsular surface. Histologically, diffuse intracytoplasmic vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes was detected. The clinical picture and anatomopathological findings differ between the species, proving the lower susceptibility of goats to Tephrosia cinerea ingestion (compared to sheep), with differences in the pathogenesis and epidemiological aspects of poisoning.

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A Review of Phototoxic Plants, Their Phototoxic Metabolites, and Possible Developments as Photosensitizers

Petit,

Izambart,

Guillou

et al. 2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding phototoxic terrestrial plants and their phototoxic and photosensitizing metabolites. Within the 435,000 land plant species, only around 250 vascular plants have been documented as phototoxic or implicated in phototoxic occurrences in humans and animals. This work compiles a comprehensive catalog of these phototoxic plant species, organized alphabetically based on their taxonomic family. The dataset encompasses meticulous details including taxonomy, geographical distribution, vernacular names, and information on the nature and structure of their phototoxic and photosensitizing molecule(s). Subsequently, this study undertook an in‐depth investigation into phototoxic molecules, resulting in the compilation of a comprehensive and up‐to‐date list of phytochemicals exhibiting phototoxic or photosensitizing activity synthesized by terrestrial plants. For each identified molecule, an extensive review was conducted, encompassing discussions on its phototoxic activity, chemical family, occurrence in plant families or species, distribution within different plant tissues and organs, as well as the biogeographical locations of the producer species worldwide. The analysis also includes a thorough discussion on the potential use of these molecules for the development of new photosensitizers that could be used in topical or injectable formulations for antimicrobial and anticancer phototherapy as well as manufacturing of photoactive devices.

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Hepatogenous photosensitization in ruminants and horses caused by the ingestion of Chamaecrista serpens in Brazil

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Primary Photosensitization by Chamaecrista serpens in Santa Inês Sheep

Primary Photosensitization by Chamaecrista serpens in Santa Inês Sheep

Susceptibility of goats to poisoning by Tephrosia cinérea

A Review of Phototoxic Plants, Their Phototoxic Metabolites, and Possible Developments as Photosensitizers

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