HEPATITIS B IN RONDÔNIA (WESTERN AMAZON REGION, BRAZIL): descriptive analysis and spatial distribution

Abstract

Background The Amazon is one of the regions who have the highest rates of infection by the hepatitis B virus in the world. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological data and spatial distribution of hepatitis B cases reported between 2002 and 2012 in the Brazilian State of Rondônia. Methods Social and clinical data of these individuals were studied through the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), including the following variables: gender, age group, vaccination, contact with a known patient with HBV, exposure to risk factors, source of infection, and clinical status. Results There were 7,132 cases reported in Rondônia, with an average incidence rate of 42/100,000 inhabitants per year. The municipalities with the highest incidence rates were Monte Negro (187.6/100,000 inhabitants) and Ariquemes (157.2/100,000 inhabitants). The 20-39 year-old age group had the highest number of cases (n = 3,834), and 69.9% of patients were likely infected via sexual contact. Regarding the clinical disease status, most of the patients (80.7%) were in the chronic phase. Conclusions There was a recent 402% increase in the diagnosis of hepatitis B, which is likely owing to the improvements in the public diagnostic system. This highlights the need for public policies to prevent and control the disease.

Prevalence of hepatitis B and D virus infection in a district of Mato Grosso, bordering Amazonas and Rondônia states

“…Gold miners were identified as a high-risk group for HBV at that time 11,12 . By contrast to the states of Amazonas, Acre, and Rondônia, there were no cases of HDV in northwest Mato Grosso 6,7,8,13,14,15,16 .…”

“…Mato Grosso is a geographically large state located in the center of Brazil. Its northwestern region corresponds to the southwest territory of the Amazon Basin, and borders the states of Rondônia and Amazonas, both of which have a high prevalence of HBV and HDV 7,8 . Since the 1990s, this region has become one of the last frontiers of human colonization in Brazil, although it has a floating population owing to a fluctuating local economy based on wood and mineral extraction.…”

Prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B em um município do interior do estado do Acre, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil

“…Na Amazônia brasileira, é frequente a infecção pelo HBV, havendo acentuadas diferenças de prevalência entre as localidades 6,8,10,12,16 . No Brasil, a obrigatoriedade da realização de triagem sorológica para o HBV nos hemocentros, a partir de 1988 17 , e a incorporação de testes rápidos para hepatite B na atenção básica de saúde 18 vêm contribuindo para o diagnóstico precoce da infecção e, consequentemente, oportunizando o acompanhamento médico especializado aos acometidos.…”

Perfil Epidemiológico Da Hepatite B Em Uma Regional De Saúde Em Recife

“…Estudo realizado na IX Regional de Saúde de Pernambuco demonstrou que alguns fatores interferem na distribuição da população pela faixa etária tais como aumento da população, melhor qualidade de vida e migrações com importante percentagem expressiva de idosos. 32,34 De acordo com os dados da pesquisa foi perceptível que mais de 90% dos casos de hepatite B foram registrados entre moradores da zona urbana do Estado de Pernambuco. No entanto, em dissonância com esta pesquisa em relação aos indivíduos contaminados pelo HBV, foi realizada uma pesquisa no Espírito Santo na qual demonstra que houve maior número de casos na zona rural.…”