Hepatitis A virus infections in Voyvodina

Vuković, Bojana; Roncević, N; Borota, R; Terzin, A. L.

doi:10.1017/s0022172400068790

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In developed countries, the infection often occurs in adolescents and adults as an acute hepatitis (5). In Serbia, the prevalence of anti-HAV reaches the maximum in the fourth decade (7). The frequency of CVH-A is about 0.8% (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholestatic viral hepatitis a with refractory pruritus successfully treated with a combination of molecular adsorbent recirculating system and corticosteroids: A case report

Đorđević,

Čanović,

Petrović

et al. 2023

Acta fac medic Naissensis

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Introduction. Hepatitis A virus is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide, with approximately 1.5 million cases annually. Clinical manifestations of the hepatitis A virus infection range from asymptomatic to acute liver failure. Cholestatic viral hepatitis A is a rare clinical manifestation characterized by a prolonged course, refractory pruritus, imminent acute liver failure and generally good prognosis. The treatment of pruritus in cholestatic viral hepatitis A can be challenging because a response to conventional therapy is limited. Case report. We present the effects of a combination of pulse doses of prednisolone and two cycles of MARS (Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System) in the treatment of a young female patient with cholestatic viral hepatitis A. This treatment option significantly reduced the duration of the disease and the intensity of pruritus and led to full recovery of the patient and normalization of laboratory parameters of cholestasis. Conclusion. This treatment combination has proven to have significant and lasting effects with no relapse of pruritus. Low doses of corticosteroids administered for a short time reduce the risk of side effects. The importance of vaccination of international travellers should be also pointed out here.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholestatic viral hepatitis a with refractory pruritus successfully treated with a combination of molecular adsorbent recirculating system and corticosteroids: A case report

Đorđević,

Čanović,

Petrović

et al. 2023

Acta fac medic Naissensis

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“…HAV seroprevalence obtained from this survey was compared to the only available corresponding data from the previous study that had been conducted in Vojvodina in 1978–79 [15]. Seroprofiles from 1978–79 and 2015–16 were thus analyzed in parallel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scarce HAV serosurveys carried out in small numbers of respondents in the past century had shown high overall anti-HAV seroprevalence [12]. In the Automonous Province of Vojvodina in the north of Serbia (population of ~2 million, 27% of Serbian population) [13,14], HAV-specific seroprevalence was obtained decades ago by two serosurveys [15,16]. The first study established an overall anti-HAV seroprevalence of 78.9% by testing sera from 1000 subjects in 1978–79.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first study established an overall anti-HAV seroprevalence of 78.9% by testing sera from 1000 subjects in 1978–79. Seroprevalence increased with age, reaching almost complete immunity to HAV (98.7%) at the age of 30 [15]. The 1993 survey showed a lower overall anti-HAV prevalence (56.9%) and a shift in HAV seropositivity towards older age groups [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Declining seroprevalence of hepatitis A in Vojvodina, Serbia

Medić¹,

Anastassopoulou²,

Milosevic³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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To assess the current hepatitis A virus (HAV) endemicity in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia, we examined the seroprevalence and susceptibility profiles of the general population. A serum bank of 3466 residual samples, collected in 2015–16 as per the specifications of the European Sero-Epidemiology Network 2 project (ESEN2), was tested for anti-HAV antibodies with an enzyme immunoassay. Relationships between anti-HAV positivity and demographic features of respondents were examined by univariable and multivariable analyses. Present-day HAV seroprevalence was compared with that obtained in 1978–79. Surveillance data for hepatitis A recorded between 2008 and 2017 were also analyzed. Age was the only demographic variable found to be independently associated with a HAV seropositive status. Seropositivity (17% overall vs . 79% in 1978–79) increased with age to a maximum of 90% in the elderly ≥60 years. Only 5% of subjects <30 years were seropositive, unlike the 44% of seropositives ≥30 years. The estimated age at midpoint of population immunity (AMPI) increased markedly from 14 years in the late 70s to 55 years in 2015–16. Meanwhile, disease incidence decreased noticeably in recent years (from 11 in 2008 to 2 per 100,000 population in 2017). In the ongoing pre-vaccine era, natural infection provides immunity for merely a third (31%) and two thirds (57%) of people in their 40s and 50s, respectively. Hence, the majority of people ≤40 years (94%) and middle-aged adults 40–49 years (69%) are susceptible to HAV. Older susceptible individuals, particularly those ≥50 years (24%), are prone to severe symptoms. Taken together, these changes reflect the epidemiological transition of Vojvodina and Serbia from high to very low HAV endemicity, thereby supporting the current national policy of immunization of only high-risk groups.

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“…The second bout of jaundice, i'f occurred, was usually caused by an etiological agent different f r o m HAV (10). The incidence of hepa,titis A declined with age, showing the reverse correlation with the p r o p o r t i o n of artti-HAV seropositive individuals in h u m a n populations (11,12,6).…”

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confidence: 98%