Hepatic steatosis in artificially fed marine teleosts

Spisni, Enzo; Tugnoli, M; Ponticelli, A; Mordenti, T; Tomasi, Vittorio

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1998.00089.x

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…-ATPase activity was measured using an adapted version of the method described by Rodríguez et al (2002) The high fat content in this organ means that in a matter of days liver mass increases significantly, resulting in changes of tissue colour and consistency, as well as histological alterations (nucleus displacement and large lipid droplets). Similar changes have been observed in steatotic livers of marine fish due to hyperlipidic fish diets (Caballero et al 1999), artificial diets enriched with energetic fatty acids (Spisni et al 1998), or diets with high levels of vegetable oils (Alexis 1997; Caballero et al 2004). …”

Section: Liver Functionality Is Altered Due To Lipid Depositionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Low-temperature challenges to gilthead sea bream culture: review of cold-induced alterations and ‘Winter Syndrome’

Ibarz

Padrós

Gallardo

et al. 2010

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

124

110

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Although gilthead sea bream have been cultured successfully for the last two decades they are particularly sensitive to low temperature. Especially in the northern Mediterranean area, cold affects fish health and decreases fish-farm production, and may even cause mortality through what is known as 'Winter Disease' or 'Winter Syndrome'. This paper reviews the diagnosis and physiological effects of this disease, focusing on recent studies of cold-induced alterations in gilthead sea bream physiology. 'Winter Syndrome' is characterised by multi-organ dysfunction entailing hyposensitivity, erratic swimming, pale and friable livers, necrotic muscles, atrophy of the exocrine pancreas, and distended digestive tract. Its complex aetiology involves several factors such as thermal stress, metabolic depression, immune suppression, and occasional opportunistic pathogens. Low temperatures may be the initial cause of all these factors, except pathogen action. Indoor studies have demonstrated that a drop in temperature causes cold-induced fasting, thermal stress and metabolic depression. These immediate effects are related to an ionic imbalance caused by malfunctions of the gills and digestive system. They are also related to a fatty liver, which appeared steatotic and affected hepatic metabolism and blood composition. The result is a lower immune capacity and fish that are more susceptible to infection. There is no significant thermal compensation under cold conditions and in this situation any additional stress factors can cause fish to suffer metabolic collapse. This study reviews the physiological and zootechnical origins of the disease and, where possible, recommends ways of improving culture conditions during pre-cold, cold and recovery periods.

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Section: Liver Functionality Is Altered Due To Lipid Depositionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Low-temperature challenges to gilthead sea bream culture: review of cold-induced alterations and ‘Winter Syndrome’

Ibarz

Padrós

Gallardo

et al. 2010

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

124

110

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show abstract

“…Although xenobiotics were not surveyed in this study, steatosis is a common lesion in fish exposed to toxic agents (Teh et al 1997;Schwaiger et al 1997) as polyaromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals (Di Giulio et al 1993), and sodium perchlorate (Ahmad et al 2009). Lesions that compromise more than 70 % of the hepatic parenchyma can trigger clinical signs of a failure, such as stunted growth and predisposition to infections by opportunistic pathogens, followed by high mortality (Spisni et al 1998;McGavin and Zachary 2007). This species presented a classical architecture of hepatic lobules, as in mammals and teleosts, with portal triad, central veins, and a capsule of 15-20 μm layer of conjunctive tissue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A histology-based study in apparently healthy wild freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon motoro

et al. 2015

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Histopathological studies are important as a reference in pathological process. There are a few of these studies in elasmobranchs. The aim of this study was to describe the histology of kidney, spleen, liver, and gills of wild apparently healthy Potamotrygon motoro. However, we observed some pathological findings in these animals. Nineteen P. motoro were collected from the Parana River, Brazil. Histology of kidney, spleen, liver, and gills were performed according to usual procedures. Briefly, the organs were immersed in 10 % formaldehyde solution for 48 h and routinely processed, embedded in paraffin (5-6 mm thick), and subsequent staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Perls', and Schmorl's stains. Histological surface areas were measured using Image Pro Plus software 6.3. We observed that melanomacrophages around the portal vein were larger and more abundant than in the area without the bile duct. Moderate steatosis was observed in most fish, large amount of melanomacrophages and lymphocytes in the gills, liver, and spleen comparing with other studies in this species that could suggest that the immune system in these animals is constantly active. No clinical signs were observed in the fish. Studies are necessary to characterize the immune response against pathogens in elasmobranchs, especially in the Potamotrygon species.

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“…Liver steatosis has been frequently observed associated with nutritional imbalances in cultured fish [41]. In sea bream, steatosis has been observed as a result of an EFA deficiency [42], the use of artificial diets [43] and the inclusion of vegetable oils [44]. When Sparus auratus and D. labrax were fed diets differing in lipid composition, steatotic livers were observed in fish fed on diets characterized by low PUFA/MUFA ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Dietary Lipids on Growth Performance, Digestibility, Fatty Acid Composition and Histology of African Catfish (Heterobranchus longifilis) Fingerlings

Babalola¹,

Apata²,

Omotosho³

et al. 2011

FNS

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Hepatic steatosis in artificially fed marine teleosts

Cited by 49 publications

References 11 publications

Low-temperature challenges to gilthead sea bream culture: review of cold-induced alterations and ‘Winter Syndrome’

Low-temperature challenges to gilthead sea bream culture: review of cold-induced alterations and ‘Winter Syndrome’

A histology-based study in apparently healthy wild freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon motoro

Differential Effects of Dietary Lipids on Growth Performance, Digestibility, Fatty Acid Composition and Histology of African Catfish (Heterobranchus longifilis) Fingerlings

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