Hemicrania Continua–Like Headache With Leprosy: Casual or Causal Association?

Prakash, Sanjay; Dholakia, Saumil

doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01128.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Only one patient showed an incomplete response (but the maximum tried dose in this patient was 150 mg) [17]. However, the effect of indomethacin faded in four patients with DRHC [2,17,25,24]. The mean daily dose of indomethacin was 145 ± 50 mg for ERHC.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Four patients (sphenoidal mesenchymal tumor, venous malformation, ICA aneurysm, and cerebello pontine angle epidermoid) fulfilled all the features of Trucco et al criteria [2,16,17,24]. Although side concordance and good or complete response after treatment of the etiological condition was noted in a few other cases (C7 root compression, sphenoidal sinusitis, ICA dissection, carcinoma lung, and leprosy), but a prolonged follow up was lacking [18,20,23,25]. Side concordance was noted in two other patients (carcinoma lung and venous malformatiom) [16,22].…”

Section: Causal Relation Of Hc With the Associated Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…To avoid this problem, we included all the cases with sufficient demographic and clinical data who were defined as having HC or HClike headache by the authors. We identified 27 cases presented by the authors as HC in association with other pathologies or events [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. One patient of HC (associated with pineal cyst) lacks a detailed demographical and clinical data [26].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Secondary hemicrania continua: Case reports and a literature review

Prakash

Shah

Soni

2009

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Causal Relation Of Hc With the Associated Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Secondary hemicrania continua: Case reports and a literature review

Prakash

Shah

Soni

2009

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…The lesion was stable for several years and her pain switched from chronic pain to episodic at one point so we considered on balance that the lesion did not have a pathogenetic role. Probably as a result of publication bias, secondary hemicrania continua is relatively common in the literature in comparison to the primary variety, and can be caused by diverse pathological processes at various sites (Antonaci and Sjaastad, 1992;Rothbart, 1992;Brilla et al, 1998;D'Alessio et al, 2004;Levy et al, 2005;Rogalewski and Evers, 2005;Vikelis et al, 2005;Ashkenazi et al, 2007;Valenca et al, 2007;Prakash and Dholakia, 2008). Furthermore, four patients are described with post-traumatic hemicrania continua following head trauma (Lay and Newman, 1999).…”

Section: Neurological Examination and Secondary Headachementioning

confidence: 99%

Hemicrania continua: a clinical study of 39 patients with diagnostic implications

Cittadini

Goadsby

2010

Brain

148

238

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Hemicrania continua is an uncommon primary headache disorder, characterized by continuous unilateral pain, where pain exacerbations are associated with cranial autonomic features. The hallmark of this condition is the absolute response to indometacin. We describe the phenotype of this condition in a large series of patients. Thirty-six (92%) patients had side-locked pain and 3 (8%) had side-alternating pain. The majority (82%) of the patients had the chronic (unremitting) form and the severity range of background pain was 1-10 out of 10 on verbal rating scale, with a mean of 6.5. Thirty-eight (97%) of the patients rated the painful exacerbations between 6.5 and 10 with a mean of 9 and 28 (71%) described their severe pain as excruciating. Of the cohort, 97% had at least one cranial autonomic feature during exacerbations: 73% had lacrimation, 51% nasal congestion, 46% conjunctival injection and 40% ptosis and facial flushing. Other cranial autonomic features included rhinorrhoea, forehead/facial sweating, itching eye, eyelid oedema, sense of aural fullness and periaural swelling, miosis, mydriasis and swelling of the cheek and face. Thirty-one (79%) had phonophobia, which was unilateral in 14 (48%); 29 (74%) had photophobia, which was unilateral in 14 (48%); and 27 (69%) had motion sensitivity. In addition, about two-thirds were agitated or restless, or both, and about one-quarter were aggressive, mainly verbally, with severe pain. All patients had a positive placebo-controlled indometacin test (100-200 mg intramuscularly) or a positive oral indometacin trial, or both. We suggest the International Headache Society criteria be revised to remove the absence of side-shift pain as a criterion. Furthermore, revised criteria should encompass a more extensive range of cranial autonomic features and consider pain as fluctuating with moderate, severe and very severe intensity. Currently the sine qua non for hemicrania continua is a response to indometacin. Since there is no reliable clinical marker of that response, we recommend an indometacin test, either orally or by injection, for any patient with unilateral pain, with or without cranial autonomic symptoms.

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“…In any case, many authors have suggested the term HC ‘possible’ or indomethacin-resistant HC for patients who fulfil criteria except the indomethacin response (44–47). Also, the effective dose and response of indomethacin are variable in symptomatic HC (48). The need for high doses of indomethacin or wearing off of its effect are also regarded as signs of associated pathology (symptomatic HC) (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%