Hematopoietic Stem Cell Trafficking

Abstract

Hematopoiesis takes place preferentially within bone cavities, suggesting that bone-derived factors contribute to blood formation. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) can be mobilized from the bone marrow parenchyma to the circulation by various agonists whose common downstream action leads to alteration in the expression or function of the chemokine CXCL12 and adhesion molecules mediating migration. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), the most prevalent drug used to mobilize HSPCs, dramatically suppresses osteoblast function. Recent studies suggest that G-CSF-mediated suppression requires signals from the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). This review summarizes emerging concepts thought to contribute to stem cell migration.

Molecular Characterization of Prospectively Isolated Multipotent Mesenchymal Progenitors Provides New Insight into the Cellular Identity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mouse Bone Marrow

“…We also noted high levels of gene expression of growth factors including Nov, Angiopoietin-like 1, and Igf1, a direct target for Ebf2 (48), and extracellular matrix proteins such as collagens, laminins, necdin, fibromodulin, decorin, and fibronectin. This finding makes the Ebf2 ϩ cells potentially interesting for the future study of regulation of early hematopoiesis, since several of those molecules have been shown to be important for hematopoietic stem cell expansion (49)(50)(51)(52) and migration (25,53). The Ebf-deficient mice display a male infertility (54), mild bone deformities and hematopoiesis defects (15,16).…”

The role of plerixafor in optimizing peripheral blood stem cell mobilization for autologous stem cell transplantation

“…10 The definitive mechanism is unclear; however, there is evidence that the sympathetic nervous system is also involved in regulating HSC attraction to bone marrow niches. 11 As a single agent, G-CSF is used mostly at a dose of 10 mg/kg subcutaneously daily, initiated 4 days before the first apheresis session and continued until the last day of apheresis. Circulating CD34 þ cells usually peak on days 5-6 after G-CSF initiation.…”

Regulating traffic in the hematopoietic stem cell niche

“…miRNA, TP53, ATM); (ii) antigen drive and stereotyped B-cell receptors (BCR); and (iii) microenvironmental stimulation. 2,3 While the precise sequence of events is currently unclear, our growing understanding of CLL biology is enabling translation into clinical practice.…”

“…Trafficking occurs through an intricate process of de-adhesion, chemo-attraction and lodging into a new location. 3 In diverse stem cells systems, including the hematopoietic system, the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis has emerged as a major determinant of these processes. Deficiency of the ligand or receptor results in embryonic death and impaired colonization of bone marrow by hematopoietic progenitors, including HSC, during ontogeny while conditional ablation of CXCR4 in hematopoietic cells results in loss of HSC from the marrow environment.…”