Health-Related Quality of Life in Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Patients - Association of Patients’ Characteristics With Eq-5d Domains, Mean Eq-5d Scores, and Visaul Analog Scale Score

Abstract

Objective: High prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Malaysia demands the appropriate interventions to alleviate or postpone its burden on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The studies which provide useful knowledge about the components of such interventions are important. The aim of this study was to describe how demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetes patients influence their HRQoL using EQ-5D. Methods:This study used the baseline data of a randomized controlled study carried out to examine the impact of a pharmacist intervention on poorly controlled diabetes patients. A generic HRQoL tool EQ-5D was used to report the data. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of problems in individual EQ-5D domains, and ANCOVA was undertaken to examine the effect of patients' characteristic on EQ-5D mean scores and visual analog scale (VAS) mean scores.Results: Pain discomfort was reported to be significantly predicted by high HbA1c levels. Increasing age (OR =1.04; CI 1.01, 1.16) and increasing body mass index (OR = 1.15; CI 1.01, 1.30) were significant predictors of reduced mobility. The presence of complications (OR = 8.03; CI 1.34-48.02) and (5-10 years) diabetes duration predicted the reduced score in anxiety domain (OR = 7.05; CI 1.03, 48.04). Problems in usual activities were significantly predicted by age (OR = 1.4; CI 1.01, 1.18). Self-care was not affected by any of the model covariates. Mean EQ-5D score was (0.89; CI 0.85, 0.92) significantly predicted by HbA1c values (p=0.04). Mean VAS score (70.54) was significantly lower in the group receiving insulin (69.46; CI 73.74, 84.02) than the oral diabetes medication (78.88; CI 64.94, 73.98) (p=0.009). Conclusion:Patients' characteristics were significantly associated with the HRQoL in type 2 diabetes. There was a significant and inverse association of HRQoL with medication group (insulin use), high HbA1c, obesity, and presence of complications.

Health-related quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia

“…To augment these, many studies demonstrated that patients with diabetes have poor HRQoL compared to people without diabetes [14][15][16][17]. Furthermore, studies indicated that duration of diabetes, insulin use which might be associated with pain of multiple injections, are linked with poor HRQoL [9,18,19]. Moreover, the presence of comorbidities among patients with T2DM has been linked to a lower HRQoL [12,[20][21][22][23].…”

“…It has the benefit of being able to convert health states into a single summary score called utility. The EQ-5D-5L is being used in many countries for health technology assessment (HTA) such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and other European countries' economic evaluations, which inform resource allocation decisions in many jurisdictions [18,19,28,29].…”

Normal Fasting Blood Sugar Levels and Medication Adherence Improve the Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Primary Health Facilities

“…Other influencing factors include (a) age, because most patients are adults over the age of 40 and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes tends to increase at the age of 40-65 years; (b) gender, because the QOL of women and men is different, where women generally have a lower QOL; and (c) level of education, because this is closely related to the processing of knowledge and information obtained. Education is an important factor in T2DM patients to be able to understand and manage independently; (d) socioeconomic status, because this is related to income, where low status can be a predictor of the patients' low QOL; (e) duration of illness, because this is related to the level of anxiety that can lower the patient's QOL; and (f) complications due to DM, both acute and chronic complications are serious problems because they can increase patients' physical, psychological and social disability, and ultimately can affect patients' QOL [36,[50][51][52][53][54][55]. Al-Qasem et al suggested that in addition to demographic factors (age, gender, and socioeconomic status), comorbidity and perception of disease, treatment regimen complexity also affects the patients' QOL [39,56].…”

“…Factors that can influence the level of patient adherence have been identified in several studies. Sabaté (2003) claimed that adherence will increase with clear treatment instructions, individual beliefs and attitudes to heal, pleasant and authoritative health workers, social and family support, knowledge, minimum drug effects, simple treatment, affordable prices, and good relationships between health workers and patients [40,55]. In general, the factors related to the level of adherence in DM patients are age, education, patient knowledge about drugs and disease, social and economic status, therapeutic regimens, and patient interactions with health workers [56,57].…”

Effectiveness of Gabapentin Usage Toward Reducing Pain Intensity Level and Quality of Life of Post-Stroke Neuropathic Patients in Regional General Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara Province Year 2018

“…This study uses quasi-experimental, before the patient is given informed consent to retrieve patient data prospectively using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRC) to measure the reduction in pain intensity [10], and a questionnaire Euroqol 5 Dimension (EQ-5D) is used to measure the quality of life [11], analysis of variance and t-test were performed to analyze the mean difference in visual analog scale (VAS) and EQ-5D scores between subgroups of patients [12] and assess the health condition of the patient, comprising from EQ-5D-3L to measure improve the patient's quality of life [13,14]. The research was conducted in Poly Neurosurgery of Regional General Hospital, NTB, in June-July 2018.…”