Health effects of occupational exposure to acrylamide using hemoglobin adducts as biomarkers of internal dose

Associations between estimated acrylamide intakes, and hemoglobin AA adducts in a sample from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort

“…In animal experiments, dietary intake of AA has been shown to increase the AA adduct level in Hb (Tareke et al, 2000;Vikström et al, 2005), and to give reliable quantitative measures of the internal dose of AA; reviewed by Törnqvist et al (2006). Exposure-related increases in Hb AA adducts have been shown in workers with occupational exposure to AA (Bergmark et al, 1993;Hagmar et al, 2001;Jones et al, 2006), and in tobacco smokers (Bergmark, 1997;Schettgen et al, 2004). An human study with oral exposure (in aqueous solution) at the level of high occupational exposures showed a clearcut relationship between exposure and the increased level of the Hb AA Estimated AA-intakes and Hb AA-adducts E Wirfält et al adduct .…”

Differences in hemoglobin adduct levels of acrylamide in the general population with respect to dietary intake, smoking habits and gender

“…All previous data on the background level of the Hb adduct from AA [12][13][14][15][45][46], except for the study by Schettgen et al [47], came from the same laboratory as in the present study, using the same instruments and standards for quantification etc. In these published studies of altogether about 50 non-smoking individuals the adduct level varies between 0.02 and 0.07 nmol/g Hb.…”

“…The observation of a regularly occurring background level (about 0.03 nmol per g globin) of adducts from AA to N-termini in Hb in non-smoking and occupationally unexposed control persons indicated the existence of another general exposure source [12,14]. The tracing of this unknown exposure source led to the demonstration of the formation of AA during cooking at elevated temperatures (cf.…”

“…Exposure to AA in work environments has been studied by measurements of stable reaction products (adducts) to hemoglobin (Hb), as a measure of internal dose [11][12][13][14][15]. In exposed workers dose-response relationships between Hb adducts and neurotoxic effects have been demonstrated [14,16].…”

“…In exposed workers dose-response relationships between Hb adducts and neurotoxic effects have been demonstrated [14,16]. Hb adducts accumulate over the life span of the erythrocytes and during chronic exposure the adduct level reflects the average exposure/internal dose during the last months.…”