Health Effects of Nitrates and Nitrites, a Review

Boink, A. B. T. J.; Speijers, G.J.A.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2001.563.2

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Approximately 5-10% of ingested nitrate is converted into the more toxic nitrite through salivary or gastrointestinal reduction (Boink and Speijers, 2001). Compared with ammonium nitrate, fertilisation with ammonium sulphate and urea has been shown to lower the nitrate content in the edible parts of plants (Sady et al, 2008).…”

Section: Leaf and Fruit Mineral Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of date palm to calcareous soil fertilisation

Kassem

2012

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Section: Leaf and Fruit Mineral Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of date palm to calcareous soil fertilisation

Kassem

2012

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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“…Na União Européia, o máximo permitido de nitrato em alface é de 3.500 a 4.500 mg kg -1 de peso fresco (BOINK & SPEIJERS, 2001). Observa-se que, mesmo as plantas do sistema de irrigação com água residuária poderão ser consumidas sem perigo de causar danos à saúde, sendo necessário o consumo correspondente a aproximadamente 0,5 kg por dia para atingir o valor do IDA.…”

Section: Análise Da Parte Aérea Da Plantaunclassified

Teores de nutrientes na alface irrigada com água residuária aplicada por sistemas de irrigação

2006

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RESUMO:Desenvolveu-se este trabalho para avaliar a composição química da parte aérea da alface, cv. Elisa, irrigada com água residuária tratada com leitos cultivados com macrófitas e água de um depósito de fonte hídrica superficial, cultivada em Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico, utilizando-se dos sistemas de irrigação por aspersão convencional, gotejamento subterrâneo e superficial. O experimento compreendeu o período de 17-8 a 3-10-2001, e as análises químicas da alface foram realizadas aos 47 dias após o transplantio das mudas em campo. A parte aérea da alface foi analisada quanto ao teor de nitrogênio total, nitrato, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, enxofre, ferro, manganês, cobre, zinco, sódio, boro, cobalto e molibdênio. O sódio e o enxofre apresentaram teores maiores que o máximo adequado na parte aérea da alface e o magnésio menor, enquanto para os demais elementos químicos foram normais e adequados, considerando os padrões para plantas bem nutridas, não sendo influenciados pelo tipo de água. O sódio foi o elemento químico que apresentou a maior elevação na parte aérea nos tratamentos irrigados com água residuária, apresentando diferença significativa em relação à água do depósito superficial nos três sistemas de irrigação. A utilização dos diferentes sistemas de irrigação para aplicação de água residuária tratada com leitos cultivados com macrófitas não interferiu no teor de nutrientes na parte aérea. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Lactuca sativa L., aspersão, gotejamento. NUTRIENTS LEVELS IN LETTUCE IRRIGATED WITH WASTEWATER APPLIED BY IRRIGATION SYSTEMSABSTRACT: A trial was carried out to evaluate the chemical composition in the aerial part of lettuce, cv. 'Elisa', irrigated with wastewater treated with constructed wetland and source deposit water, grown on a Rhodic Hapludox Soil, using the irrigation systems sprinkle, subsurface drip and surface drip irrigation. The experiment was carried out from August 17 th to October 3 rd of 2001 and the chemical analyses of the lettuce were accomplished to 47 days after transplanting of the seedling. The aerial part of the lettuce was analyzed as for the levels of total nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, sodium, boron, cobalt and molybdenum. The sodium and the sulfur presented higher levels than the maximum suitable in the aerial part of the lettuce and the smallest level of magnesium, while other chemical elements analyzed were normal and appropriate considering the standard for well-nourished plants, not being influenced by the water type. The sodium was the chemical element that presented the highest levels in the aerial part of the lettuce in the treatments irrigated with wastewater, presenting significant difference in relationship to the treatments irrigated with source deposit water in the three irrigation systems. The use of the different irrigation systems by the application of wastewater treated with constructed wetland did not interfere in the levels of nutrients in the aerial part of the lettuce.

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“…Because of their cumulative properties, they are an important part of vegetables (Lucarini et al, 2012;Boink, 2001;EFSA, 2008). Besides leafy vegetables that may contain a substantial proportion of nitrate, studies have shown that other types of vegetables such as oilseeds, grains, tubers and nuts also contain nitrate (Gundimeda,1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate in Leafy Green Vegetables and Estimated Intake

Brkić

Bošnir

Bevardi

et al. 2017

Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med

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Background: Vegetarian diets are rich in vegetables. Green leafy vegetables are foods that contain considerable amounts of nitrate, which can have both positive and negative effects on the human body. Their potential carcinogenicity and toxicity have been proven, particularly after the reduction of nitrate to nitrite itself or just serving as a reactant with amines and/or amides in the formation of N-nitroso compounds -N-nitrosamines and other nitrogen compounds which may have high levels of nitrate. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference, considering the location and seasonal sampling period, in the level of nitrate in certain types of green vegetables, all in order to be able to assess their intake, and possible impact on human health, especially knowing that exposure to nitrate can be potentially higher for vegetarian population group. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the sampling of 200 different leafy green vegetables was conducted, all of which could be found in free sale in the Republic of Croatia. The sampling was conducted during two seasonal periods -the spring and autumn period. In the springtime, lettuce (sem), spinach (pinacho), kale (kale), chard (mangel) and cabbage (brassica) were sampled, and in autumn lettuce, spinach, kale, chard and arugula. Samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. Results:The results from the spring sampling phase were in the range of 603 mg/kg for cabbage -972 mg/kg for chard, and for autumn phase of 1.024 mg/kg for chard to 4.354 mg/kg for the arugula. The results showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05) for most of the samples analyzed, considering the sampling locations and time period. Conclusion:The results indicate that the analyzed vegetables contain significant amounts of nitrate in their composition, which represents relatively significant, but still acceptable intake into the human body.

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Health Effects of Nitrates and Nitrites, a Review

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

The response of date palm to calcareous soil fertilisation

The response of date palm to calcareous soil fertilisation

Teores de nutrientes na alface irrigada com água residuária aplicada por sistemas de irrigação

Nitrate in Leafy Green Vegetables and Estimated Intake

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