Health care–associated infections in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Mirabile, Aurora; Vismara, Chiara; Crippa, Fulvio; Bossi, Paolo; Locati, Laura D.; Bergamini, Cristiana; Granata, Roberta; Resteghini, Carlo; Conte, E.; Morelli, Daniele; Scarpellini, Paolo; Licitra, Lisa

doi:10.1002/hed.24147

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that multidrugresistant Gram-negative bacteria have been a growing concern for patients in ICUs due to their significant ef-fect on patient mortality (20)(21)(22). In a multicenter pointprevalence study conducted in Turkey, researchers reported that Gram-negative bacteria constituted nearly 75% of all ICU pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Gene’s Relationship With Biofilm Formation and Detection of aac (6’)/aph (2”) in Enterococcus faecalis Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection

Moniri

Ghasemi

Moosavi

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Objectives: We investigated the potential relationships between biofilm formation and prevalence of virulence genes (asa1, esp, cylA, and gelE/sprE), and antimicrobial resistance genes (aac (6’)/aph (2”) in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infection.Patients and Methods: In this survey 95 E. faecalis isolates from patients with urinary tract infections staying at Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan, Iran, between 2007 and 2008 were studied. We analyzed the prevalence of genes encoding virulence factors (asa1, esp, cylA and gelE/ sprE), and antimicrobial resistance genes [(aac (6’)/aph (2”)] by PCR. In addition, the production of biofilm and extracellular enzymes, hemolysin (Hln) and Gelatinase were examined.Results: The asa1,(aac (6’)/aph (2”), esp, cylA, and gelE/sprE were detected in 94.7%, 68.4%, 61.1%, 50.5% and 21.1% of E. faecalis isolates, respectively. The hemolysin production and gelatinase activity were seen in 44.2% and 20% of isolates, respectively. 16.8% of E. faecalis isolates showed strong and 83.2% exhibited weak biofilm formation. The percentages of genes encoding virulence factors in E. faecalis which had the ability of strong biofilm formation were as follows: gelE/sprE 25%, esp22.4%, (aac (6’)/aph (2”) 18.5%, asa1 16.7% and cylA 14.6%. The presence of both aac (6’)/aph (2”) and esp positive act as a risk factor for biofilm formation (P value < 0.001).Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between biofilm formation and possession of esp and aac (6’)/aph (2”) genes. There was no evidence between biofilm formation and presence of any other gene. Enterococcal infections associated with biofilm formation have been a serious problem in recent years

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Gene’s Relationship With Biofilm Formation and Detection of aac (6’)/aph (2”) in Enterococcus faecalis Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection

Moniri

Ghasemi

Moosavi

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…Risks of viral and bacterial pneumonia are increased among HNSCC patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy given the presence of unique risk factors (eg, depressed immune function, older age, malnutrition, smoking and alcohol abuse, tumor location, and comorbidities) 8,26,32,34,57 . Pulmonary viral infections frequently occur in patients with impaired cellular immunity, with cytomegalovirus and herpes group viruses being common sources 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a review of healthcare‐associated infections in HNSCC patients treated with chemotherapy and/or RT, respiratory tract infections were most common 34 . Pseudomonas aeruginosa represented the majority of gram‐negative organisms (49%) compared to gram‐positive pathogens (35%), where Staphylococcus aureus predominated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa represented the majority of gram‐negative organisms (49%) compared to gram‐positive pathogens (35%), where Staphylococcus aureus predominated. Smoking, malnutrition, and presence of a tracheostomy tube are significant risk factors for nosocomial infections in this population 34,62 . A prospective analysis by Panghal et al revealed that head and neck cancer patients treated with chemoradiation (CRT) are prone to oral cavity bacterial infections, especially with Staphylococcus aureus 63 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory and pulmonary complications in head and neck cancer patients: Evidence‐based review for the COVID‐19 era

et al. 2020

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Background: Pulmonary complications and infections frequently affect patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Common characteristics can predispose these patients to the development of severe respiratory illness, which may be particularly relevant during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A scoping review was performed to assess the impact of pulmonary comorbidities and adverse respiratory outcomes in HNSCC patients. Results: Advanced age, history of tobacco and alcohol abuse, and cardiopulmonary comorbidities are significant risk factors for the development of adverse respiratory outcomes. Treatment toxicities from radiation or chemoradiation therapy significantly increase these risks.Conclusion: Respiratory complications are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality among HNSCC patients, and the COVID-19 pandemic may disproportionately affect this population. Interventions designed to decrease smoking and alcohol use, improve oral hygiene, and aggressively manage medical comorbidities are important to the long-term management and health of these patients. K E Y W O R D Sadverse respiratory outcomes, COVID-19, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), pulmonary comorbidities, respiratory infections and complications

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“…depressed immune function, older age, malnutrition, smoking and alcohol abuse, tumor location, and comorbidities). 8,26,[54][55][56] Pulmonary viral infections frequently occur in patients with impaired cellular immunity, with cytomegalovirus and herpes group viruses being common sources. 11 Influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, are also recognized as frequent pulmonary pathogens, particularly among immunocompromised cancer patients with respiratory illness.…”

Section: Viral and Bacterial Pneumonia In Hnsccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory and pulmonary complications in head and neck cancer patients: An evidence-based review for the COVID-19 era

Kang

Authorea

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Background: Pulmonary complications and infections frequently affect patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Common characteristics can predispose these patients to the development of severe respiratory illness, which may be particularly relevant during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A scoping review was performed to assess the impact of pulmonary comorbidities and adverse respiratory outcomes in HNSCC patients. Results: Advanced age, history of tobacco and alcohol abuse, and cardiopulmonary comorbidities are significant risk factors for the development of adverse respiratory outcomes. Treatment toxicities from radiation or chemoradiation therapy significantly increase these risks. Conclusion: Respiratory complications are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality among HNSCC patients, and the COVID-19 pandemic may disproportionately affect this population. Interventions designed to decrease smoking and alcohol use, improve oral hygiene, and aggressively manage medical comorbidities are important to the long-term management and health of these patients.

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Health care–associated infections in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Virulence Gene’s Relationship With Biofilm Formation and Detection of aac (6’)/aph (2”) in Enterococcus faecalis Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection

Virulence Gene’s Relationship With Biofilm Formation and Detection of aac (6’)/aph (2”) in Enterococcus faecalis Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection

Respiratory and pulmonary complications in head and neck cancer patients: Evidence‐based review for the COVID‐19 era

Respiratory and pulmonary complications in head and neck cancer patients: An evidence-based review for the COVID-19 era

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