Probiotics are nonpathogenic bacterial strains that exert beneficial effects on the host. Previous studies have shown that topical use of some strains of probiotic bacteria have good effects on the healing of cutaneous wounds. In the current study, the wound healing potentials of bacterial probiotics on diabetic cutaneous wounds were evaluated. The effects of probiotics on migration, the viability of fibroblasts, and macrophage proliferation were measured through using wound healing assay, methylthiazol tetrazolium assay, and bromodeoxyuridine, respectively. In this regard, in vivo diabetic wound healing experiments in Wistar rats following treatment with nontoxic concentrations of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus plantarum were conducted. The histopathological and gene expression analyses were performed following removal of wound sites 3, 7, and 14 days postwounding. Results showed that treatment with probiotics accelerated the healing process of diabetic wounds and modulated the inflammatory cells in wound sites during a 14-day period postwounding. The altered mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines were observed in wound sites following treatment with probiotics. The findings of the current study reveal that L. bulgaricus and L. plantarum could improve the healing of diabetic wounds via regulation of inflammation.
A 6‐week study was conducted to assess the effect of dietary fishmeal (FM) replacement with Sargassum ilicifolium meal (SIM) at four substitution levels including 0 (control), 3% (S3), 6% (S6) and 9% (S9) on performance of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles (initial mean body weight of 29.0 ± 1.0 g). Growth performance pronouncedly increased in SIM‐supplemented groups compared to the control (p < .05). Fish fed on the S6 diet had higher pancreatic digestive enzyme activities than other treatments. Supplementing diet with SIM remarkably enhanced red blood cell count compared to the control. Moreover, fish in the control and S3 groups had higher lymphocyte, but lower neutrophil percentages than the S6 and S9 treatments (p < .05). The greatest and the least amounts of the total protein and total immunoglobulins (Ig) in serum were found in the S6 and the control, respectively. The amount of alternative complement pathway activity in the serum of fish in the S9 group was higher than the other groups, whereas higher serum lysozyme activity was found in the S6 and S9 treatments compared to those in the control and S3 groups (p < .05). Total Ig content of the skin mucus in the S6 and S9 groups was higher than the control. The greatest and the least mucosal lysozyme activates were found in the S6 and control, respectively (p < .05). The liver superoxide dismutase activity in the S6 and S9 groups was higher than the other treatments (p < .05). The insulin‐like growth factor‐1 mRNA transcript abundance levels in the liver were greatest and the least in fish fed on the S9 and control, respectively. The expression of lysozyme gene, as indicated by an abundance of mRNA transcript for lysozyme, in the liver was higher in the S6 and S9 groups than the other groups (p < .05). Furthermore, fish fed the SIM‐incorporated diets had higher interlukine‐1β mRNA transcript abundance in the liver compared to the control (p < .05). Overall, according to the findings of this study 6% of dietary FM could be replaced with SIM to improve growth rate and health status in L. calcarifer juveniles.
Objectives: We investigated the potential relationships between biofilm formation and prevalence of virulence genes (asa1, esp, cylA, and gelE/sprE), and antimicrobial resistance genes (aac (6’)/aph (2”) in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infection.Patients and Methods: In this survey 95 E. faecalis isolates from patients with urinary tract infections staying at Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan, Iran, between 2007 and 2008 were studied. We analyzed the prevalence of genes encoding virulence factors (asa1, esp, cylA and gelE/ sprE), and antimicrobial resistance genes [(aac (6’)/aph (2”)] by PCR. In addition, the production of biofilm and extracellular enzymes, hemolysin (Hln) and Gelatinase were examined.Results: The asa1,(aac (6’)/aph (2”), esp, cylA, and gelE/sprE were detected in 94.7%, 68.4%, 61.1%, 50.5% and 21.1% of E. faecalis isolates, respectively. The hemolysin production and gelatinase activity were seen in 44.2% and 20% of isolates, respectively. 16.8% of E. faecalis isolates showed strong and 83.2% exhibited weak biofilm formation. The percentages of genes encoding virulence factors in E. faecalis which had the ability of strong biofilm formation were as follows: gelE/sprE 25%, esp22.4%, (aac (6’)/aph (2”) 18.5%, asa1 16.7% and cylA 14.6%. The presence of both aac (6’)/aph (2”) and esp positive act as a risk factor for biofilm formation (P value < 0.001).Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between biofilm formation and possession of esp and aac (6’)/aph (2”) genes. There was no evidence between biofilm formation and presence of any other gene. Enterococcal infections associated with biofilm formation have been a serious problem in recent years
Background Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia in humans and a large number of animal species. Considering recent evidence of the circulation of this bacterium in different parts of Iran, especially in the western provinces, the aim of current study was to determine the tularemia seroprevalence in the human population living in Ilam Province. Methods In 2015, 360 serum samples were collected from five groups of people: ranchers ( n = 112), farmers ( n = 79), butchers and slaughterhouse workers ( n = 61), Nature Conservation Officers ( n = 34), and referents of medical diagnostic laboratories ( n = 74). These samples were tested for the presence of anti- F. tularensis IgG antibodies using the ELISA method. Results According to the ELISA manufacturer cutoffs, we found that 10 (2.78%) and 9 (2.5%) sera, respectively, were positive or borderline for F. tularensis IgG antibodies. The highest tularemia seroprevalence was observed among farmers (7.59%). Conclusions Our results strongly support the circulation of tularemia in Ilam Province. Because no human tularemia case has been reported so far in this province, we recommend specific education programs to increase knowledge of local health care professionals about this important zoonotic disease.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.