Hard Dental Tissues Regeneration—Approaches and Challenges

Abstract

With the development of the modern concept of tissue engineering approach and the discovery of the potential of stem cells in dentistry, the regeneration of hard dental tissues has become a reality and a priority of modern dentistry. The present review reports the recent advances on stem-cell based regeneration strategies for hard dental tissues and analyze the feasibility of stem cells and of growth factors in scaffolds-based or scaffold-free approaches in inducing the regeneration of either the whole tooth or only of its component structures.

Smart dental materials for antimicrobial applications

“…The use of smart biomaterials in different areas of medicine has been exponentially growing in recent years [ 30 ]. They have a wide range of applications such as drug delivery [ 31 , 32 ], biosensors [ 33 , 34 ], tissue engineering [ 35 , 36 ], antimicrobial [ 37 ], tissue regeneration [ 30 ], and remineralization [ 38 ], among many others. For example, smart piezoelectric scaffolds are being used in tissue engineering to conveniently generate electric signals analogous to native tissues for enabling physiological functions [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Current status and prospects of metal–organic frameworks for bone therapy and bone repair

“…11 However, single artificial bone materials showcase poor performance in some aspects; for example bioactive glass and ceramic glass cannot provide good stability and mechanical strength due to their brittle nature and high density. 12,13 Such disadvantages offset their advantages as artificial bone materials. 12,14 Owing to their poor performance they cannot meet the requirements of implantable bone repair materials.…”

“…12,13 Such disadvantages offset their advantages as artificial bone materials. 12,14 Owing to their poor performance they cannot meet the requirements of implantable bone repair materials. Therefore, the rational design and targeted syntheses of bone tissue materials are still a challenge.…”

“…111 In contrast to these materials, MOF based biomaterials provide the stability, toughness and compressive strength needed to restore the load-bearing capacity of the injured limb due to the presence of metal centers. 26 Due to their unique nanostructures, they provide an appropriate environment for the adhesion, growth and proliferation of regenerative cells, 24 and cell differentiation, 12 promoting the transport of substances in the damaged part. In addition, some MOFs (such as ZIF-8) are degradable under specific conditions, 32 and they have good stability under physiological conditions and have the ability to perform in situ synthesis or post-synthesis functional paintings with certain biomolecules.…”

Tideglusib enhances odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cellsin vitro

“…Here, they differentiate into odontoblast‐like cells, which subsequently secrete dentine matrix and form reparative dentine (Ledesma‐Martínez et al, 2016; Rombouts et al, 2016). The development of innovative biomaterials containing bioactive agents has been emphasized to facilitate dentine/pulp complex regeneration (Olaru et al, 2021). Several developmental signalling molecules were evaluated for their regenerative potential.…”