Haemophilus vaginalis vaginitis after twenty-five years

Gardner, Herman L.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(80)90924-2

Cited by 70 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Bacterial vaginosis is commonly considered a sexually transmitted disease (1,54,72,75,132,170,240). Thus, the prevalence of G. vaginalis was approximately 4% in women attending a university clinic but 33% in women attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic (65).…”

Section: Transmission Of Bacteria Associated With Vaginosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A vaginal abscess, Bartholin gland abscesses, puerperal abscess, and abdominal incisions were the sources of G. vaginalis studied by Malone et al (133). G. vaginalis, in some cases accompanied by anaerobic bacteria, was isolated from abdominal wound infections that developed after cesarean section (3,222,224,241) or hysterectomy (59,72). An episiotomy wound infection yielded G. vaginalis in pure culture (39).…”

Section: Transmission Of Bacteria Associated With Vaginosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An organism presumed to be G. vaginalis was isolated in 1953 by Leopold (126) (38,51,54,93,116,221) and in higher percentages for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (1,72,170). Since most of these men were asymptomatic, it is necessary when considering patients with urethritis to discriminate between carriage resulting from sexual transmission and actual infection.…”

Section: Transmission Of Bacteria Associated With Vaginosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gardnerella vaginalis: characteristics, clinical considerations, and controversies

1992

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The clinical significance, Gram stain reaction, and genus affiliation of Gardnerella vaginalis have been controversial since Gardner and Dukes described the organism as the cause of "nonspecific vaginitis," a common disease of women which is now called bacterial vaginosis. The organism was named G. vaginalis when taxonomic studies showed that it was unrelated to bacteria in various genera including Haemophilus and Corynebacterium. Electron microscopy and chemical analyses have elucidated the organism's gram-variable reaction. Controversy over the etiology of bacterial vaginosis was largely resolved by (i) studies using improved media and methods for the isolation and identification of bacteria in vaginal fluids and (ii) standardization of criteria for clinical and laboratory diagnosis. Besides G. vaginalis, Mobiluncus spp., Mycoplasma hominis, and certain obligate anaerobes are now acknowledged as participants in bacterial vaginosis. The finding that G. vaginalis, Mobiluncus spp., and M. hominis inhabit the rectum indicates a potential source of autoinfection in addition to sexual transmission. Extravaginal infections with G. vaginalis are increasingly recognized, especially when the toxic anticoagulant polyanetholesulfonate is omitted from blood cultures and when urine cultures are incubated anaerobically for 48 h. The finding that mares harbor G. vaginalis suggests that an equine model can be developed for studies of Gardnerella pathogenesis.

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Section: Transmission Of Bacteria Associated With Vaginosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transmission Of Bacteria Associated With Vaginosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transmission Of Bacteria Associated With Vaginosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gardnerella vaginalis: characteristics, clinical considerations, and controversies

1992

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“…All isolates were obtained from J. R. Greenwood (Public Health Laboratories, Santa Ana, Calif.) and included various reference strains, as previously reported (7). All isolates were identified by standard criteria (7) (6). Although the available data explicitly implicate G. vaginalis in the pathogenesis of associated leukorrhea (9), therapy is also often directed against the synergistic anaerobic bacteria that appear to be associated with the genesis of this disease (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Gardnerella vaginalis to cephradine

Goldstein¹,

Kwok²,

Sutter³

1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The activity of cephradine and the influence of pH on its activity against 70 Gardnerella vaginalis strains were determined. Serial dilutions of cephradine (0.062 to 256 gug/ml) were incorporated into Dunkelberg agar, inoculated with a Steers replicator, incubated in 5% CO2 for 48 h, and examined. The minimal inhibitory concentrations for 90% of the isolates were 16 and 8.0 ,ug/ml at pH 7.0 to 6.0 and 5.5, respectively.

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“…Although the pathogenesis of nonspecific vaginitis is not yet completely understood, there is considerable evidence to show that G. vaginalis is actively involved as a prime causative agent in this condition (7). In recent years, many controversial factors surrounding this organism have receded, but the question of treatment still remains unresolved.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%