Habitat characteristics can influence fish assemblages in high latitude kelp forests

Efird, Terril P.; Konar, Brenda

doi:10.1007/s10641-013-0211-x

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our results are consistent with those of Efird & Konar (2014), who found substratum rugosity to be a significant predictor of fish assemblages in Alaska, USA. In other studies, black rockfish have been found on complex rock bottoms, near vertical bedrock walls, and inside or around kelp forests in high-and low-relief rocky terrain (Leaman 1976, Love et al 2002, Johnson et al 2003, Parker et al 2008, Efird & Konar 2014. Juveniles or sub-adults in our study may have migrated from shallow kelp forests into suitable (rockier) habitat.…”

Section: Importance Of Habitat Complexitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Young-of-the-year recruitment does not predict the abundance of older age classes in black rockfish in Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada

Haggarty¹,

Lotterhos²,

Shurin³

2018

Preprint

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Recruitment and connectivity are important criteria for designing effective marine protected areas, as coastal fish populations must be sustained by settling juveniles. However, patterns of recruitment are difficult to observe, and adults and juveniles may occupy distinct habitats. We examined patterns of adult black rockfish Sebastes melanops abundance with respect to habitat and spatiotemporal variability in recruitment of young-of-the-year (YOY) to determine how these variables influence population density in and around a rockfish conservation area (RCA). For most year classes, there was no relationship between the density of YOY and the density of 1 yr olds or the density of adults, and instead habitat variables such as topological complexity and the amount of rocky substrate predicted adult black rockfish abundance. For 1 year class of moderate abundance at the YOY stage but high abundance at the 1 yr old stage, a significant relationship between 1 yr olds and subsequent adults was observed. We surmise that overwinter survival of YOY fish may be an important determinant for year-class strength in black rockfish. Although a companion study found low recruitment of YOY inside the RCA, our data indicate that the density of many species of rockfish was higher inside the RCA. These results highlight how the density of adults can be determined by post-recruitment processes such as movement into suitable habitat and mortality, rather than by recruitment of YOY, and have implications for the design of marine reserve networks.

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Section: Importance Of Habitat Complexitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Young-of-the-year recruitment does not predict the abundance of older age classes in black rockfish in Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada

Haggarty¹,

Lotterhos²,

Shurin³

2018

Preprint

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“…These species occupy benthic zones because of the high structural complexity of benthic algal species and rocky substrates (Trebilco et al 2015), which afford protection from predators and refugia for fish prey (Eibling et al 1980, Efird andKonar 2014). These species occupy benthic zones because of the high structural complexity of benthic algal species and rocky substrates (Trebilco et al 2015), which afford protection from predators and refugia for fish prey (Eibling et al 1980, Efird andKonar 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increases in fish abundance we detected at 10 weeks post-harvest mainly reflect increases in benthic reefassociated species. These species occupy benthic zones because of the high structural complexity of benthic algal species and rocky substrates (Trebilco et al 2015), which afford protection from predators and refugia for fish prey (Eibling et al 1980, Efird andKonar 2014). Removals of M. pyrifera have been shown to alter understory algal community dynamics, which in turn influence the abundances of benthic invertebrate species (Arkema et al 2009, Miller et al 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the ecosystem‐level consequences of a small‐scale artisanal kelp fishery within the context of climate‐change

Krumhansl

Bergman

Salomon

2017

Ecological Applications

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Coastal communities worldwide rely on small-scale artisanal fisheries as a means of increasing food security and alleviating poverty. Even small-scale fishing activities, however, are prone to resource depletion and environmental degradation, which can erode livelihoods in the long run. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify viable and resilient artisanal fisheries, and generate knowledge to support management within the context of a rapidly changing climate. We examined the ecosystem-level consequences of an artisanal kelp fishery (Macrocystis pyrifera), finding small-scale harvest of this highly productive species poses minimal impacts on kelp recovery rates, survival, and biomass dynamics, and abundances of associated commercial and culturally important fish species. These results suggest that small-scale harvest poses minimal trade-offs for the other economic benefits provided by these ecosystems, and their inherent, spiritual, and cultural value to humans. However, we detected a negative impact of warmer seawater temperatures on kelp recovery rates following harvest, indicating that the viability of harvest, even at small scales, may be threatened by future increases in global ocean temperature. This suggests that negative impacts of artisanal fisheries may be more likely to arise in the context of a warming climate, further highlighting the widespread effects of global climate change on coastal fisheries and livelihoods.

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“…This can alter ecological interactions even within single patches or gaps (Mota et al, 2015). In biological terms, differences between edges and interiors are found in the properties of the canopy-forming organism itself (e.g., Brun et al, 2003); in faunal abundances (e.g., Barbera-Cebrian et al, 2002;Bologna and Heck, 2002;Efird and Konar, 2014); in the levels of thermal (Jurgens and Gaylord, 2016) and mechanical (Folkard, 2005) stresses experienced by organisms; and in terms of sediment quality (e.g., Alves et al, 2017). Local diversity and distribution of benthic fauna is intimately associated with canopy type and distribution (e.g., Begin et al, 2004;Bouma et al, 2009).…”

Section: Distribution Of Canopy-dwelling Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical Interactions in Fragmented Marine Canopies: Fundamental Processes, Consequences, and Upscaling

Folkard

2019

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Spatial fragmentation is a near-ubiquitous characteristic of marine canopies. Biophysical interactions with fragmented canopies are multi-faceted and have many significant implications at multiple scales. The aims of this paper are to review research on biophysical interactions in fragmented marine canopies, identify current gaps in knowledge and understanding, and propose ways forward. The review starts at the patch/gap scale and focuses initially on hydrodynamic interactions. It then considers the consequences of these interactions for particulate and dissolved material, and distributions of canopy-associated organisms. Finally, it addresses issues of upscaling to landscape-scale and ways in which this research can be applied to marine landscape management. Work on a broad range of canopy types is considered, including micro-algal biofilms and turf algae; macro-algae, seagrasses and coral reefs; saltmarsh vegetation and mangroves. Although the focus is on marine canopies, insights from studies of fragmented canopies in other contexts are drawn on where relevant. These include freshwater environments and terrestrial forests, grasslands, crop canopies, and urban areas. Specific areas requiring greater attention are highlighted. As a result of this meta-analysis, the following recommendations are made for further research. A lack of basic data is identified across all canopy types regarding the formation, fate and spatial and temporal characteristics of canopy patches, gaps, and spatial structure. Studies of hydrodynamics with fragmented canopies would benefit from shifting focus toward more non-uniform, realistic configurations, while ecological research in this area would benefit from a move toward configurations that are more controlled and tractable for quantitative modeling. More comparative studies across canopy types would enable understanding of their biophysical interactions and their consequences to be more fully tested and developed. A greater incorporation of chemical aspects of canopy systems into work that has hitherto focused on biophysical interactions would also be pertinent. Upscaling of patch and gap-scale phenomena to landscape-scale is identified as a crucial topic, since it is at the latter scale that management efforts are most readily carried out. Overall, an approach that balances hydrodynamics, marine canopy ecology, spatial analysis of landscapes, biogeochemistry, and socio-environmental interactions is recommended.

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Habitat characteristics can influence fish assemblages in high latitude kelp forests

Cited by 27 publications

References 41 publications

Young-of-the-year recruitment does not predict the abundance of older age classes in black rockfish in Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada

Young-of-the-year recruitment does not predict the abundance of older age classes in black rockfish in Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada

Assessing the ecosystem‐level consequences of a small‐scale artisanal kelp fishery within the context of climate‐change

Biophysical Interactions in Fragmented Marine Canopies: Fundamental Processes, Consequences, and Upscaling

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