Gut microbiome and pancreatic cancer cachexia: An evolving relationship

Hendifar, Andrew Eugene; Akinsola, Rasaq; Muranaka, Hayato; Osipov, Arsen; Thomassian, Shant; Moshayedi, Natalie; Yang, Julianne C.; Jacobs, Jonathan P.; Devkota, Suzanne; Bhowmick, Neil A.; Gong, Jun

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v14.i7.1218

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…A unique relationship was identified between the gut microbiome and treatment of cachexia with enteral feeding in advanced PDAC patients. Modulating the stool microbiome can be an interventional strategy to alleviate PDAC cachexia 120 …”

Section: Circulating Versus Fecal Scfamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of microbiota and microbiota‐derived short‐chain fatty acids in PDAC

Temel

Kaymak

et al. 2022

Cancer Medicine

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive lethal diseases among other cancer types. Gut microbiome and its metabolic regulation play a crucial role in PDAC. Metabolic regulation in the gut is a complex process that involves microbiome and microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs regulate inflammation, as well as lipid and glucose metabolism, through different pathways. This review aims to summarize recent developments in PDAC in the context of gut and oral microbiota and their associations with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA). In addition to this, we discuss possible therapeutic applications using microbiota in PDAC.

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Section: Circulating Versus Fecal Scfamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modulating the stool microbiome can be an interventional strategy to alleviate PDAC cachexia. 120 The SCFAs are key for adjusting immune tolerance, improving gut barrier junctions and intestinal purge. 116 Appropriate SCFA concentrations are necessary to ensure healthy metabolism and prevent disease.…”

Section: Diet and Scfas In Pdacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of microbiota and microbiota‐derived short‐chain fatty acids in PDAC

Temel

Kaymak

et al. 2022

Cancer Medicine

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Contributions of the Microbiome-Derived Metabolome for Risk Assessment and Prognostication of Pancreatic Cancer

León-Letelier,

Dou,

Vykoukal

et al. 2024

Clinical Chemistry

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Background Increasing evidence implicates microbiome involvement in the development and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Studies suggest that reflux of gut or oral microbiota can lead to colonization in the pancreas, resulting in dysbiosis that culminates in release of microbial toxins and metabolites that potentiate an inflammatory response and increase susceptibility to PDAC. Moreover, microbe-derived metabolites can exert direct effector functions on precursors and cancer cells, as well as other cell types, to either promote or attenuate tumor development and modulate treatment response. Content The occurrence of microbial metabolites in biofluids thereby enables risk assessment and prognostication of PDAC, as well as having potential for design of interception strategies. In this review, we first highlight the relevance of the microbiome for progression of precancerous lesions in the pancreas and, using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, provide supporting evidence that microbe-derived metabolites manifest in pancreatic cystic fluid and are associated with malignant progression of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(s). We secondly summarize the biomarker potential of microbe-derived metabolite signatures for (a) identifying individuals at high risk of developing or harboring PDAC and (b) predicting response to treatment and disease outcomes. Summary The microbiome-derived metabolome holds considerable promise for risk assessment and prognostication of PDAC.

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Abnormal lipid metabolism in cancer-associated cachexia and potential therapy strategy

2023

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Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a major characteristic of advanced cancer, associates with almost all types of cancer. Recent studies have found that lipopenia is an important feature of CAC, and it even occurs earlier than sarcopenia. Different types of adipose tissue are all important in the process of CAC. In CAC patients, the catabolism of white adipose tissue (WAT) is increased, leading to an increase in circulating free fatty acids (FFAs), resulting in “ lipotoxic”. At the same time, WAT also is induced by a variety of mechanisms, browning into brown adipose tissue (BAT). BAT is activated in CAC and greatly increases energy expenditure in patients. In addition, the production of lipid is reduced in CAC, and the cross-talk between adipose tissue and other systems, such as muscle tissue and immune system, also aggravates the progression of CAC. The treatment of CAC is still a vital clinical problem, and the abnormal lipid metabolism in CAC provides a new way for the treatment of CAC. In this article, we will review the mechanism of metabolic abnormalities of adipose tissue in CAC and its role in treatment.

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Gut microbiome and pancreatic cancer cachexia: An evolving relationship

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Role of microbiota and microbiota‐derived short‐chain fatty acids in PDAC

Role of microbiota and microbiota‐derived short‐chain fatty acids in PDAC

Contributions of the Microbiome-Derived Metabolome for Risk Assessment and Prognostication of Pancreatic Cancer

Abnormal lipid metabolism in cancer-associated cachexia and potential therapy strategy

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