Gum ghatti based novel electrically conductive biomaterials: A study of conductivity and surface morphology

“…Active sites for graft copolymerization of AA monomers (M) onto polysaccharide Gg are the -OH and -CH groups. 20,21 The Gg-g-poly(AA) synthesized was converted into conducting IPN by the polymerization of aniline in the presence of APS and MBA into polyaniline. 20 APS is decomposed under heating leading to the formation of sulphate ion radicals.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Graft Copolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 In a neutral medium the concentration of ions in the external solution is insignificant, which makes p ion large and results in increased %S. 21 Additionally high temperature also leads to the fastest chain termination and chain transfer reactions. At acidic pH, most of the -COO À groups are protonated, and thus the main carboxylate ion-carboxylate ion repulsion is screened by H + ions and as a result swelling capacity values are decreased.…”

Section: Swelling Studies Of the Synthesized Hydrogels In Distilled Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the electrostatic repulsion between the carboxylate ions adds to the %S in a neutral medium. 21 Percentage swelling for graft copolymerization of poly(AA) chains onto Gg was also studied as a function of monomer concentration and the results are shown in Fig. 24 The decreased %S in alkaline media can be ascribed to the charge screening effect of excess Na + ions in the swelling medium, which in turn shields the -COO À anions and inhibits the effective anion-anion repulsion between different carboxylate groups leading to a lower %S.…”

Section: Swelling Studies Of the Synthesized Hydrogels In Distilled Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Li and Liu prepared semi-IPN hydrogels consisting of poly(methacrylic acid) and guar gum for colonspecific drug delivery. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] These hydrogels can be efficiently utilized in wastewater treatment for removal of dyes and toxic metal ions from water. Various authors synthesized electrical conducting hydrogels based on different natural polysaccharides through graft copolymerization reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a conducting interpenetrating network based on gum ghatti-g-poly(acrylic acid-aniline) as a colon-specific delivery system for amoxicillin trihydrate and paracetamol

et al. 2015

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The objective of the present investigation was to develop colon-specific drug delivery systems for amoxicillin trihydrate and paracetamol using Gum ghatti (Gg) based cross-linked hydrogels. An interpenetrating network (IPN) of electrically active hydrogel based on Gg, poly(acrylic acid) (AA) and polyaniline was synthesized by a two-step aqueous polymerization. The radical copolymerization of Gg and AA was done using N,N 0 -methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) and ammonium persulphate (APS) as a crosslinker-initiator system. Optimum operating conditions for maximizing the percentage swelling were solvent (ml) = 10, AA (mol L À1 ) = 0.291 Â 10 À3 , APS (mol L À1 ) = 0.219 Â 10 À1 , MBA (mol L À1 ) = 0.324 Â 10 À1 , reaction time (min) = 180, temperature (1C) = 60 and pH = 7.0. The synthesized semi-IPN matrix was further grafted with aniline through oxidative-radical copolymerization using APS in acidic media. The resultant cross-linked hydrogels were characterized using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ToF-SIMS and electrical conductivity. The maximum conductivity was found to be 2.5 Â 10 À6 S cm À1 at 1.5 N HCl concentration. The synthesized hydrogels were loaded with amoxicillin trihydrate and paracetamol as model drugs to investigate the release behaviour. Amoxicillin trihydrate follows the surface phenomena and weak bonding interaction whereas paracetamol exhibited chemical interaction with the hydrogel matrices. The release rate of both the drugs through the synthesized hydrogel matrices was found to show Fickian behaviour at each pH. The hydrogel networks showed lower release in acidic and neutral media than in basic media, making them particularly suitable carriers for colon-specific drug delivery.

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Synthesis of a Polyacrylic‐Grafted, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube‐Loaded Gum Ghatti Hydrogel for Diclofenac Removal

Dave

Chopda²,

Kamaliya

2023

Chem Eng & Technol

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Water pollution causes health‐ and environment‐related problems. Adsorption of pollutants from the bulk is an efficient method for their removal. Modified biopolymers have proven to be effective adsorbents. The biopolymer gum ghatti (GG) has shown good adsorption properties. In this work, GG was grafted with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and loaded with oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (O‐MWCNTs). The resulting GG‐g‐PAA/O‐MWCNT hydrogel was characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, and SEM and its adsorption activity was examined. Sodium diclofenac (SD) was efficiently removed by GG‐g‐PAA/O‐MWCNT. The highest removal efficiency of 92.89 % was achieved at pH 2. The adsorption of SD followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order model.

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Gum ghatti based novel electrically conductive biomaterials: A study of conductivity and surface morphology

Cited by 37 publications

References 54 publications

Modification of polysaccharides: Pharmaceutical and tissue engineering applications with commercial utility (patents)

Modification of polysaccharides: Pharmaceutical and tissue engineering applications with commercial utility (patents)

Evaluation of a conducting interpenetrating network based on gum ghatti-g-poly(acrylic acid-aniline) as a colon-specific delivery system for amoxicillin trihydrate and paracetamol

Synthesis of a Polyacrylic‐Grafted, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube‐Loaded Gum Ghatti Hydrogel for Diclofenac Removal

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