1988
DOI: 10.1109/50.4105
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Guided modes of Ti:LiNbO/sub 3/ channel waveguides: a novel quasi-analytical technique in comparison with the scalar finite-element method

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Cited by 155 publications
(55 citation statements)
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“…In the optical frequency range, the ordinary and extraordinary refractive index profiles of the Ti : LiNbO optical waveguide and are given by [17], [18] (33) …”
Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…In the optical frequency range, the ordinary and extraordinary refractive index profiles of the Ti : LiNbO optical waveguide and are given by [17], [18] (33) …”
Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For the left one, is replaced by with being the waveguide separation. According to [7], [17], and [18], the operating wavelength is assumed to be m, and , , , , the quasi-TM optical mode propagation is chosen.…”
Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This is consistent with the observed behavior in standard CLN. A standard diffusion model 23 gives the change in refractive index as a power law function of Ti ion concentration. The exponent is 1.0 for the extraordinary index, but only 0.65 for ordinary index.…”
Section: Waveguide Characterizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The guidance in the Ti: LiNbO 3 waveguide was simulated by applying the diffusion model 9 and the beam propagation method. Based on material properties and known physical constants, the refractive index change was evaluated as a function of four main fabrication parameters, namely, Ti strip width and thickness as well as diffusion duration and temperature.…”
Section: Design Considerationsmentioning
confidence: 99%