Guggul for hypercholesterolemia

Shields, Kelly M.; Moranville, Michael P.

doi:10.1093/ajhp/62.10.1012

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…More importantly, the antidepressant-like effects of Z-guggulsterone were similar to that of fluoxetine. Together with the fact that Commiphora mukul is widely used to treat human disorders ( Tariq et al, 1986 ; Singh et al, 1994 ; Adams et al, 2002 ; Shields and Moranville, 2005 ; Mencarelli et al, 2009 ; Song et al, 2010 ), our data indicate that Z-guggulsterone may be a new compound with potential antidepressant-like activities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Commiphora mukul is a popular herb that has been used for a long time in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various disorders, such as obesity, arthritis, and some lipid metabolism disorders, and most of its effects are being confirmed by modern scientific research. For example, Commiphora mukul has been shown to reduce high cholesterol via lowering harmful low-density lipoproteins and elevating the beneficial high-density lipoproteins in animals ( Singh et al, 1994 ; Shields and Moranville, 2005 ; Sharma et al, 2009 ). Commiphora mukul is also demonstrated to prevent inflammation ( Tariq et al, 1986 ; Song et al, 2010 ; Huang et al, 2016a ) and stroke ( Adams et al, 2002 ) and improve the function of the immune system ( Mencarelli et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Z-Guggulsterone Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects in Mice through Activation of the BDNF Signaling Pathway

Liu

Wang

et al. 2017

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

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Background:Z-guggulsterone, an active compound extracted from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora mukul, has been shown to improve animal memory deficits via activating the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway. Here, we investigated the antidepressant-like effect of Z-guggulsterone in a chronic unpredictable stress mouse model of depression.Methods:The effects of Z-guggulsterone were assessed in mice with the tail suspension test and forced swimming test. Z-guggulsterone was also investigated in the chronic unpredictable stress model of depression with fluoxetine as the positive control. Changes in hippocampal neurogenesis as well as the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway after chronic unpredictable stress/Z-guggulsterone treatment were investigated. The tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor and the tyrosine kinase B inhibitor were also used to explore the antidepressant-like mechanisms of Z-guggulsterone.Results:Z-guggulsterone (10, 30 mg/kg) administration protected the mice against the chronic unpredictable stress-induced increases in the immobile time in the tail suspension test and forced swimming test and also reversed the reduction in sucrose intake in sucrose preference experiment. Z-guggulsterone (10, 30 mg/kg) administration prevented the reductions in brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein expression levels as well as the phosphorylation levels of cAMP response element binding protein, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and protein kinase B in the hippocampus and cortex induced by chronic unpredictable stress. Z-guggulsterone (10, 30 mg/kg) treatment also improved hippocampal neurogenesis in chronic unpredictable stress-treated mice. Blockade of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signal, but not the monoaminergic system, attenuated the antidepressant-like effects of Z-guggulsterone.Conclusions:Z-guggulsterone exhibits antidepressant activity via activation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathway and upregulation of hippocampal neurogenesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Z-Guggulsterone Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects in Mice through Activation of the BDNF Signaling Pathway

Liu

Wang

et al. 2017

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

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“…In particular, silymarin seems to increase the berberine lipid-lowering efficacy by increasing its bioavailability [ 15 ], beyond a mild direct LDL-lowering effect of silymarin per se [ 16 ]. On the other hand, guggulsterones could also exert some LDL-lowering effect by inhibiting CYP7A [ 17 ], having already been demonstrated to exert an additive effect on that of red yeast rice in a small randomized clinical trial [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary supplementation with a new nutraceutical formulation on cardiometabolic risk factors: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical study

Fogacci¹,

Giovannini²,

D’Addato³

et al. 2023

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis

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IntroductionThe scientific community and consumers are increasingly interested in the potential cholesterol-lowering effect of various nutraceuticals and their combinations. The aim of our study was to test the short-term effect of a new lipid-lowering nutraceutical formulation in mildly hypercholesterolemic patients.Material and methodsWe consecutively enrolled 80 mildly hypercholesterolemic patients with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) between 130 and 190 mg/dl with a low-estimated cardiovascular disease risk. After a 8 week-stabilization diet, the enrolled subjects were randomized to take 1 pill/evening of Zeta Colest (including: 400 mg of Berberis aristata dry extract with 340 mg of berberine, 98 mg of red yeast rice extract with 2.9 mg of total monacolins, 87.5 mg of milk thistle dry extract with 70 mg of silymarin, 50 mg of guggul dry extract with 1.3 mg of guggulsterones) or placebo for 8 weeks. Patients were followed up for metabolic and haemodynamic parameters.ResultsAfter 8 week-supplementation with the tested combined nutraceuticals, we observed a significant reduction in total cholesterol (–16.7 ±1.5%), LDL-C (–18.1 ±1.9%), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (–19.2 ±2.1%), apoB (–20.7 ±2.3%) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (–3.0 ±0.6%), versus both baseline (p < 0.05) and the control group (p < 0.05). No other metabolic or liver parameters significantly changed during the observation period. Endothelial reactivity also mildly but significantly improved by 2.96 ±0.23% with the tested product.ConclusionsIn the short term, the tested combined nutraceutical improved lipid metabolism, systemic inflammation and vascular function in mildly hypercholesterolemic overweight subjects.

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“…Among these, Guggulsterone, an active principal constituent of guggulipid obtained from the gum resin of traditional Ayurvedic plant Commiphora mukul (guggulu in Sanskrit) is approved in India as an antihyperlipidemic drug and has been used in Ayurvedic medicine since 600 BC to treat a wide variety of ailments including arthritis, obesity, hyperlipidemia and other lipid disorders. It also possesses antiseptic, anti-rheumatic, antiulcer, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties [9][10][11]. Recent research indicated that guggulsterones (E & Z) are antagonists of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), which inhibits CYP7A1, the enzyme responsible for biotransformation of cholesterol, and also inhibits bile acid receptor (BAR), nuclear hormone receptors involved in bile acid regulation and cholesterol metabolism there by directly reduces hepatic cholesterol levels in humans [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Guggul Lipid Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Using Box-Behnken Design – An Evaluation Study

Murthy

Yelavarthi

Devanna

et al. 2021

JPRI

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Aim: Guggul lipid, a lipophillic antihyperlipidemic moiety, undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism and has low bioavailability. In order to address this limitation, guggul lipid loaded chitosan nanoparticles (GNPs) were designed, optimized and processed by 3- factor 3- level Box- Behnken design (BBD). Methodology: A 3-factor 3-level BBD was employed to investigate combined influence of formulation variables on percent entrapment efficiency (EE) and percent drug release (DR) of GNPs prepared by ionic gelation method. The generated polynomial equation was validated and desirability function was utilized for optimization. Optimized GNPs were evaluated for physicochemical, morphological, release characteristics, solid state characterization and in-vitro cell line studies. Results: Amounts of chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate and guggul were selected as independent variables had variably influenced EE and DR. Optimized GNPs were produced with an average size of 96.5 nm, electro kinetic potential of -15.4 mV, EE of 92.98% and DR of 95.12% in 24 h with sustained release. Physicochemical and in-vitro characterization revealed existence of guggul in amorphous form in GNPs without interaction and exhibited sustained release profile following first order with Higuchi kinetics. GNPs possessed lipase inhibition activity with IC50 value of 14.72 µg/ml and better viability against various cell lines with CTC50 values (256.24 to 321.27 µg/ml). Conclusions: Design and optimization of GNPs by BBD proved to be an effective and promising approach. High entrapment of guggul followed controlled release were the outcomes of GNPs prepared by ionic gelation with improved cell viability.

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Guggul for hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Z-Guggulsterone Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects in Mice through Activation of the BDNF Signaling Pathway

Z-Guggulsterone Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects in Mice through Activation of the BDNF Signaling Pathway

Effect of dietary supplementation with a new nutraceutical formulation on cardiometabolic risk factors: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical study

Design of Guggul Lipid Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Using Box-Behnken Design – An Evaluation Study

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