SummaryBackground-Metformin might reduce insulin requirement and improve glycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes, but whether it has cardiovascular benefits is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether metformin treatment (added to titrated insulin therapy) reduced atherosclerosis, as measured by progression of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT), in adults with type 1 diabetes at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

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Objectives. The purpose of this descriptive investigation was to determine the perceived knowledge of and attitudes toward natural products by pharmacists in Missouri. Methods. A questionnaire was mailed to 2921 licensed pharmacists. Assessments were conducted regarding the venues and specific resources these pharmacists utilized in order to gain knowledge in the area of natural products. Results. Over half (56.9%) of those surveyed indicated that they received natural product questions on a weekly basis, but only a minority (2.4%) felt they could "always answer natural product questions." The most commonly used means for education was printed continuing education (70.2%). Only 12.5% of pharmacists indicated that they had gained knowledge about natural products from their didactic pharmacy education. Conclusions. These results confirm the need to provide pharmacists with additional education on natural products. Ideas for integrating education on natural products into pharmacy school curricula are presented.

Hispanics use a wide range of CAM therapies, including several that may be unfamiliar to healthcare practitioners. Understanding the rationale, motivations, and history of Hispanics' use of CAM will enhance the cultural competence of healthcare professionals and help address these patients' medical needs.