Growth responses and essential oil profile of Salvia officinalis L. Influenced by water deficit and various nutrient sources in the greenhouse

Abstract

Salvia officinalis L. is a medicinal plant extensively used in foods, traditional medicine, and the pharmacological industry. In the current study, the effects of different irrigation regimes [irrigation after 70 ± 5 (regular), 105 ± 5 (moderate drought stress), and 140 ± 5 (severe drought stress) mm evaporation] and nutrient sources (control, NPK, farmyard manure, foliar fertilizer, and hydrogel) were investigated on the growth parameters and essential oil (EO) components of S. officinalis in the greenhouse. The plants were harvested two times. The regular irrigation treatment had the most significant effect on plant height (51 cm), fresh and dry herb weight (51.5 and 18.1 g plant −1 ), and fresh and dry leaf weight (40.1 and 13.1 g plant −1 ). The highest amount of EO was observed after moderate drought stress (1.48%). The NPK treatment had the greatest effect on plant height (40 cm), branch number (19 per plant), fresh and dry herb weight (53.4 and 18.9 g plant −1 ), fresh and dry leaf weight (41.2 and 13.6 g plant −1 ), and EO content (1.67%). The 1 st cutting was superior in EO amount, while the 2 nd cutting had a high agronomic yield. α-Thujone (from 21.6 to 34.2%) was identified as the predominant compound. Additionally, the content of α-thujone in the 2 nd cutting was higher after moderate drought stress, NPK, and hydrogel treatments. Moreover, 1,8-cineole, β-thujone, camphene, α-pinene, α-humulene, viridiflorol, borneol, and bornyl acetate were the other main compounds. As a general result, regular irrigation and NPK treatments improved the agronomic yield of S. officinalis . The plants under drought stress produced high amounts of EO. The farmyard manure also improved plant yield by providing a part of the plant's nutritional needs. Therefore, it could be concluded that it is crucial to determine the effects of limited water availability and various nutrient sources on yield and chemical compositions for medicinal and aromatic plant growth.

Significance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Mitigating Abiotic Environmental Stress in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: A Review

“…Mineral fertilizers such as NPK, silicate, or clay are known to affect soil porosity, pore distribution, water retention, and water availability in the soil [ 52 , 278 , 279 ]. Under conditions of water stress, the EO and biomass yields of sage ( Salvia officinalis L.) have been reported to be significantly higher when fertilized with a conventional NPK mineral fertilizer [ 280 ]. Indeed, by changing soil pH, silicates reduced the phytoavailability of TEs, which are precipitated or chelated on soil aggregates [ 52 ].…”

Az öntözés hatása liziméterben nevelt orvosi zsályára (Salvia officinalis L.)

“…Nem találtak szignifikáns különbséget a növénymagasság, a növényátmérő, a hajtáshossz tekintetében . SOLTANBEIGI et al (2021) bizonyították, hogy szignifikánsan a legmagasabb (51 cm) zsályanövényeket a 70 mmes evaporáció utáni öntözéssel, míg a legalacsonyabb növényeket a 140 mm-es evaporáció utáni öntözéssel érték el. A zsálya levélfelülete lecsökkent a talajban rendelkezésre álló víz mennyiségének felére csökkentése mellett .…”

“…Míg a hozam maximumot (148 g/tő) 50 hPa közegnedvességgel érték el (MANUKYAN, 2011) ezt támasztják alá eredményei is. Törökországi üvegházi kísérletben azt állapították meg, hogy a 70 mmes evaporáció után elvégzett öntözés szignifikánsan nagyobb biomassza-(friss: 51,5 g/tő, száraz: 18,1 g/tő) és levélhozamot (friss: 40,1 g/tő, száraz: 13,1 g/tő) eredményezett, mint a 140 mm-es evaporáció utáni öntözés (SOLTANBEIGI et al, 2021).…”

Adaçayının PEG ile İndüklenen Kuraklık Stresine Antioksidatif Yanıtları

“…Moreover, dried leaves are used as food flavoring as well as raw materials in medicine, perfumery and food industry (Bettaieb et al, 2009). Salvia officinalis L. has been the subject of studies mostly focusing on secondary metabolites, essential oils, fatty acids and phenolic compounds and abiotic stress responses of these metabolites in the literature (Lu and Foo et al, 2001;Hendawy and Khalid, 2005;Bettaieb et al, 2009;Taarit et al, 2010;Soltanbeigi et al, 2021). However, there are few reports regarding the responses of enzymatic antioxidative pathway of sage leaves to drought stress.…”