Growth, livability, and feed conversion of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets

Havenstein, G. B.; Ferket, P. R.; Qureshi, M. A.

doi:10.1093/ps/82.10.1500

Cited by 672 publications

(383 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This result confirms the finding of Youssao et al (2010) who showed that indigenous chicken populations of Benin are characterized by a great genetic diversity than that reported for commercial lines chicken (Granevitze et al, 2007;Muchadeyi et al, 2007;Berthouly et al, 2008). In accordance with Havenstein et al (2003aHavenstein et al ( , 2003b, technological and nutritional meat quality depend on genotype. Franco et al (2012Franco et al ( , 2013) also found great difference in meat quality traits between Mos and Sasso T-44 roosters.…”

Section: Discussion Correlations Between Technological and Nutritionasupporting

confidence: 91%

Relationships between technological and nutritional meat quality parameters in local poultry populations (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) of Benin

Tougan¹,

Dahouda²,

Salifou³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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The current work aims at determining relationships between technological and nutritional meat quality parameters in Holli, Fulani, Sahoue, North and South indigenous chicken ecotypes of Benin. Color parameters (L*, a*, b*, hue and chroma), pH, texture, dry matter content, protein content, fat content, and ash content were collected on 52 cockerels of each ecotype slaughtered at 24 weeks old. In Holli chickens, dry matter content was highly and positively correlated with protein content (P<0.001; r = 0.57), moderately and positively associated to ash content, redness, yellowness and chroma (P<0.01), but weakly and negatively correlated with the luminance and hue (P<0.05). Fat content was highly and positively correlated with the texture, pH4, pH12, pH24, a* and chroma (P<0.001; 0.46 ≤ r ≤ 0.85), but highly and negatively correlated with the protein content and luminance (P<0.001; -0.64 ≤ r ≤ -0.47). Except dry matter content, protein content was negatively correlated with the others parameters. Correlations between dry matter and the other meat quality traits of North chickens were similar to those of Holli chickens except fat content, pH, L*, b* and hue. Except texture, the correlations between dry matter concentration and the other meat quality traits of South and Fulani chickens were similar to those of Sahoue chickens. South chickens and to a lesser extent Fulani and Sahoue chickens were characterized by higher dry matter, shear force, breast cooking loss, yellowness and pH24, while Holli chickens were characterized by greater protein content, organic matter content, moisture, thigh cooking loss, hue, pH1, pH4, pH8 and pH12. North chickens were characterized by higher ash content, fat content and luminance.

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Section: Discussion Correlations Between Technological and Nutritionasupporting

confidence: 91%

Relationships between technological and nutritional meat quality parameters in local poultry populations (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) of Benin

Tougan¹,

Dahouda²,

Salifou³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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“…When placed on the 1950s diet, modern broilers were much smaller but slightly leaner than those placed on the modern diet, nevertheless fatter than the old-type birds. When placed on the more balanced modern diet, which had a higher energy and protein content (Havenstein et al 1994a(Havenstein et al , 2003b, the old-type birds became fatter at every age than they did when fed on the 1950s diet. It is likely that the less-balanced 1950s diet did not contain enough nutrients required by the modern breed each day to reach its full genetic potential and so this led to a reduced growth rate.…”

Section: Growth and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intensive selection pressures placed on broiler performance traits, such as increased body weight and growth rate, have resulted in broilers with an increased appetite and therefore also increased voluntary feed intake per day (Siegel and Wisman 1966;Pym and Nicholls 1979;Havenstein et al 1994aHavenstein et al , 2003bO'Sullivan et al 1992b;Schmidt et al 2009;Howie 2010Howie , 2011) (see also section 5). As well as genetic selection, exogenous factors which influence many physiological and behavioural processes can be carefully controlled to increase feed intake and pre-ingestion efficiency.…”

Section: Feed Intake Digestion and Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when used to evaluate the changes in the energy efficiency of the birds, such data have no value unless the dietary energy content is known. For this reason, experiments which have compared different breeds on the same diet are of particular interest, from which biological traits such as digestive efficiency and body composition can be compared (Sherwood 1977;Havenstein et al 2003b;Mussini 2012;Zuidhof et al 2014). Until now, the consequences of genetic selection on the biological traits aforementioned and ultimately the energy use efficiency of the birds have not been analytically reviewed in such a way as to show how artificial selection has led to an improvement in broiler performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

Tallentire

Leinonen

Kyriazakis

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

164

120

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Artificial selection of broiler chickens for commercial objectives has been employed at an unprecedented magnitude over the recent decades. Consequently, the number of days, total feed and in turn energy, required to raise a broiler to slaughter weight, have decreased dramatically. Feed provision is the poultry industry's biggest environmental hotspot; hence, understanding the interactions between the birds' genetic change and their energy use efficiency forms the necessary starting point for quantifying and predicting and thereby mitigating the future environmental impact of the poultry sector. This review assesses the consequences of artificial selection on the following traits: digestive efficiency, body composition and utilisation of metabolisable energy for growth and metabolic activity. The main findings were (1) the digestive system has been subjected to much physical change due to selection in the recent decades, but this has not led to any apparent change in digestion efficiency. (2) Both the energy intake per day and the metabolic heat production rate have increased in the recent decades whilst (3) the efficiency of utilising energy for growth has also increased; this is due to an increased growth rate, so that broilers reach slaughter weight more quickly and therefore need to allocate less energy overall to metabolic processes, with the exception of growth. (4) There may have been a reduction in the tendency to waste feed through spillage and carry out energetically expensive behaviors. There is a discrepancy in the literature with regards to the influence of selection on body composition and its contribution to feed efficiency. In this review, two scenarios are demonstrated, whereby body composition either has or has not altered via artificial selection. Understanding the effects of artificial selection on the traits that relate to the feed efficiency of the broilers will contribute towards the reduction of the environmental impacts that arise from such systems.

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“…However, today's commercial birds differ very much from those before 1983, in terms of growth, feed conversion efficiency, nutrient utilization, carcass quality and bone characteristics (Havenstein et al, 1994 and2003a). And also, modern diets are much better formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of the fast-growing commercial birds (Havenstein et al, 1994 and2003b). Obviously, the NPP requirements of modern broilers might be lower than those of broiler strains before 1983.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimal dietary non-phytate phosphorus level of broilers fed a conventional corn–soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age

Jiang

Lü

et al. 2016

Animal

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It is imperative to evaluate precise nutrient requirements of animals in order to optimize productivity and minimize feed cost and nutrient excretions. The current non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) recommendation for broilers is based on the papers published 30 years ago. However, today's commercial birds are quite different from those before 30 years. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted with growing male broiler chickens to evaluate an optimal dietary NPP level of broiler chickens fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age. The 1-day-old chicks were fed corn-soybean meal diet containing 0.39% NPP from 1 to 3 weeks of age. At 22 days of age, 360 birds were selected and randomly allotted by BW to one of 10 dietary treatments with six replicate cages of six birds per cage for each treatment. Birds were fed the P-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with inorganic P as CaHPO 4 ·H 2 O ranging from 0.00% to 0.45% with 0.05% increment from 4 to 6 weeks of age. The dietary NPP levels were 0.09%, 0.14%, 0.20%, 0.24%, 0.30%, 0.34%, 0.38%, 0.45%, 0.49% and 0.54%, respectively, and the dietary Ca level was fixed at 0.90% for all treatments. The results showed that average daily gain, serum inorganic P concentration, tibia bone strength, tibia ash percentage and P percentage, tibia bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), middle toe ash percentage and P percentage, middle toe BMC, total body BMC and BMD were affected ( P < 0.0001) by dietary NPP level, and increased linearly ( P < 0.0001) and quadratically ( P < 0.003) as dietary NPP levels increased. Optimal dietary NPP levels estimated based on fitted broken-line models ( P < 0.0001) of the above indices are 0.21%, 0.29%, 0.29%, 0.29%, 0.29%, 0.31%, 0.29%, 0.30%, 0.27%, 0.29% and 0.28%, respectively. It is suggested that the total body BMC and BMD, and middle toe ash P and BMC might be new, sensitive and non-invasive criteria to evaluate the dietary NPP requirements of broilers. The optimal dietary NPP level would be 0.31% for broiler chickens fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age.

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Growth, livability, and feed conversion of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets

Cited by 672 publications

References 13 publications

Relationships between technological and nutritional meat quality parameters in local poultry populations (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) of Benin

Relationships between technological and nutritional meat quality parameters in local poultry populations (<i>Gallus gallus</i>) of Benin

Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

An optimal dietary non-phytate phosphorus level of broilers fed a conventional corn–soybean meal diet from 4 to 6 weeks of age

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