Growth and structure of italian alder (Alnus cordata /Loisel./ Duby) linear plantation at age 11 and 16 years at Fruška gora (Serbia)

Abstract

Growth and structure of Italian alder (Alnus cordata /Loisel/ Duby) trees were analyzed in a linear plantation established by planting two-year-old seedlings at Fruška Gora (Serbia). The aim of this paper is to point out the growth characteristics and the structure of the Italian alder linear plantation at age 11 and 16 years and contribute to the knowledge of adaptive and productive potential of the species in the available plantation in Serbia. The spacing between the trees was 7 m (200 trees per hectare). The plantation is located on anthropogenically changed pedunculate oak and hornbeam site at 125 m above sea level. On the basis of 35 measured trees at age 11 and 16 years, the top height was 15 and 21 m, and the Lorey’s mean height 13.4 and 19.5 m. The dominant diameter was 32.4 cm at age 11 and 59.4 cm at age 16 years. The mean quadratic diameter was 25.1 and 47 cm.The productivity of the plantation is high. At age 11 years, the basal area was 9.9 m2∙ha−1, and the standing volume 107.2 m3∙ha−1 while at age 16 years, it was 34.7 m2∙ha−1 and 305.1 m3∙ha−1, respectively. In the period from 11 to 16 years of age, the periodic annual increment in diameter was 4.4 cm∙year−1, height 1.22 m∙year−1, and in basal area and volume 4.9 m2∙ha−1·year−1and 39.6 m3·ha−1·year−1, respectively, pointing to fast growth of Italian alder. Despite the limits due to a small sample and the fact that the linear plantation was analyzed, we generalise the ­following conclusion: the measured growth characteristics at age 11 and 16 years of Italian alder trees show that the species can grow fast and could be usable in similar areas.

Elementi rasta stabala talijanske (Alnus cordata /Loisel./ Duby) i crne johe (Alnus glutinosa /L./ Gaertn.) u linijskim nasadima na Fruškoj gori (Srbija)

“…U mješovitim plantažama talijanska joha uspostavlja dobru ekološku integracijus običnim orahom (Tani et al, 2006;Cutini i Giannini, 2009) i lužnjakom (Buresti i Frattegiani, 1992;Corazzesi et al, 2010;Battipaglia et al, 2017). Rezultati istraživanja elemenata rasta stabala i nasada u starosti 11 i 16 godina u raspoloživom nasadu u Srbiji ukazuju da talijanska joha ima karakteristike brzog rasta (Bobinac et al, 2020). Cilj ovog rada je da se ukaže na elemente rasta stabala talijanske johe u starosti 11 i 16 godina i crne johe u starosti 100 godina u raspoloživim nasadima u Srbiji, i time doprinese boljem poznavanju adaptivnog i proizvodnog potencijala ove dvije vrste drveća u sličnim stanišnim uvjetima.…”

“…šumarstva, a sjeme je sakupio sa stabla u arboretumu Lisičine u Voćinu-R. Hrvatska, gdje je evidentirana ova vrsta drveća (Vidaković, 1986). Sadnja talijanske johe je izvršena u obliku linijskog nasada, dijelom u jednom, a dijelom u dva reda, s razmakom oko 7 m. Vitalnost stabala u nasadu 2019.godine, u starosti 16 godina, ocijenjena je najvišom ocjenom, što indirektno potvrđuje i prirast stabala u promatranom periodu (Bobinac et al, 2020). Navedeni rezultati u radu Bobinac et al (2020) o rastu stabala i nasada, u starosti 11 i 16 godina, dijelom se koriste i u ovom radu.…”

“…Elementi rasta stabala talijanske (Bobinac et al, 2020) i crne johe u promatranim starostima Table 1. Growth elements of Italian alder trees at age 11 and 16 years (Bobinac et al, 2020) and black alder trees at age 100 years Debljinska struktura stabala talijanske johe je unimodalna, kako u 11., tako i u 16. godini, s najvećim brojem stabala u debljinskom stupnju 22,5 cm (11 godina) i 47,5 cm (16 godina). Debljinska struktura stabala crne johe u starosti 100 godina također je unimodalna, s najvećim brojem stabala u debljinskom stupnju 47,5 cm (Slika 2).…”

“…Slika 2. Debljinska struktura stabala talijanske johe u starosti 11 i 16 godina (Bobinac et al, 2020) i crne johe u starosti 100 godina (Bobinac et al, 2020) and black alder at age 100 years Aritmetička sredina prsnih promjera se nalazi u modalnom stupnju u promatranim izmjerama obje vrste. Prsni promjeri talijanske johe u 11.godinise nalaze u rasponu 13-35 cm, s koeficijentom varijacije 23,0%, a u 16. godini su u rasponu 25-64 cm, s koeficijentom varijacije 21,6%.…”

“…Tablica 2. Struktura stabala po debljini i visini u starosti 11 i 16 godina kod talijanske johe (Bobinac et al, 2020) i u 100.godini kod crne johe and black alder at age 100 years Kod talijanske johe visinska struktura, iskazana grupiranjem visina u stupnjeve širine 3 m, ima opadajući oblik u 11.godini i zvonolik unimodalni oblik u 16. godini, akod crne johe visinska struktura ima unimodalni oblik (Slika 3).…”