Growth and exploitation parameters of Ilisha africana, by-catch of the experimental fishing for the study on selectivity of gill nets for Ethmalosa fimbriata, in the Saloum estuary and Joal (Senegal)

Abstract

Growth and exploitation parameters. The current exploitation rates in the estuary (0.10) and at the sea (0.25) indicated that I. africana was under-exploited in Senegal.

Assessment of cooking methods and freezing on the nutritional value and health risks of heavy metals in four fish species consumed in Douala, Cameroon

“…Polynemidae are carnivorous and their diet includes sea urchins, molluscs, crustaceans, crabs, amphipods and barnacles. Cyprinidae feed on small benthic animals, Ariidae on shrimps, parasites and plankton, while Clupeidae feed on phytoplankton [ 9 ] . The IV decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with smoking and boiling in all species.…”

“…The Ariidae are demersal species, living in brackish or salt water in temperate and tropical regions. Species in this family are omnivorous, feeding on shrimp, parasites, plankton and numerous benthic invertebrates buried in the mud [ 9 ]. Clupeidae are pelagic species native to the coasts, beaches, lagoons and estuaries of West Africa.…”

Spawning energetics and otolith microchemistry provide insights into the stock structure of bonga shad Ethmalosa fimbriata

“…This hypothesis could not be supported by the length frequency distributions obtained throughout the sampling sites at the Senegalese coast and within the Sine Saloum Estuary. Spatial variations in spawner length distributions were negligible and may rather originate from differences in size‐selectivity of gill nets used by local fishermen (Faye et al ., ).…”

“…The clear distinction between spawning components at the coast, the Saloum River's mouth and inside the river's middle reaches is most likely due to the estuary's distinct hydrological characteristics, which are markedly different from neritic conditions. Heterogeneous hydrographic features lead to incorporation of varying element:Ca ratios into the female spawners’ otoliths and further require energetical adaptations to ensure recruitment success (Avigliano et al ., ; Döring et al ., ). As the low sampling sizes in the QDFA models suggest, assessing all investigated variables for each individual fish is challenging.…”