Ground Testing of the World's First MW-Class Direct-Drive Superconducting Wind Turbine Generator

Song, Xiaowei; Bührer, Carsten; Brutsaert, Patrick; Ammar, Aymen; Krause, Jens; Bergen, Anne; Winkler, Tiemo; Dhallé, M.; Hansen, Jesper; Rebsdorf, Anders V.; Wessel, S.; Brake, Marcel ter; Bauer, Markus; Kellers, J.; Wiezoreck, J.; Pütz, Hendrik; Kyling, Hans; Boy, Hermann; Seitz, Eric

doi:10.1109/tec.2019.2960255

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It enables smaller machines, i.e., up to a third of the volume and the mass. Even superconducting WFSMs (both stator and rotor) has been shown to have 24 % less weight than a corresponding PMM [188]. Since superconducting solutions is still a wide-open research topic, it does not seem to be always clear whether the very high reported power densities do account for the cooling system or not.…”

Section: ) Superconducting Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Power Machines and Starter-Generator Topologies for More Electric Aircraft: A Technology Outlook

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More electric aircraft (MEA) architectures consist of several subsystems, which must all comply with the settled safety requirements of aerospace applications. Thus, achieving reliability and fault-tolerance represents the main cornerstone when classifying different solutions. Hybrid electric aircraft (HEA) extends the MEA concept by electrifying the propulsive power as well as the auxiliary power, and thereby pushing the limits of electrification. This paper gives an overview of the high-power electrical machine families and their associated power electronic converter (PEC) interfaces that are currently competing for aircraft power conversion systems. Various functionalities and starter-generator (S/G) solutions are also covered. In order to highlight the latest advancements, the efficiency of the world's most powerful aerospace generator (Mark 1) developed within the E-Fan X HEA project is graphically represented and assessed against other rivaling solutions. Motivated by the strict requirements on efficiency, power density, trustworthiness, as well as starting functionalities, supplementary considerations on the system-level design are paramount. In order to highlight the MEA goals and take advantage of all potential benefits, all subsystems must be treated as a whole. It is then shown that the combination of PECs, aircraft grid and electrical machines can be better adapted to benefit the overall system. This survey outlines the influence of these concerns and offers a view of the future technology outlook, as well as covering the present challenges and opportunities.

show abstract

Section: ) Superconducting Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Power Machines and Starter-Generator Topologies for More Electric Aircraft: A Technology Outlook

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Superconductors have a very large current-carrying capability, which enables superconducting machines to be potentially competitive in areas where high power density is required, e.g., electric aircraft, wind energy, maglev train, ship propulsion. The advantages of using superconductors to obtain high power density have been successfully proved by different demonstrations and studies, for instance, the EcoSwing project, which has designed and tested a full-scale direct-drive high-temperature-superconducting wind turbine generator in the real field under practical wind conditions [1][2][3]. That project proved that, by using high-temperature superconductors in the rotor, a wind generator can achieve a 24% weight reduction with a torque density of 40 Nm/kg compared to a permanent magnet counterpart.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electromagnetic Design of a Fully Superconducting Generator for Wind Application

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A fully superconducting wind generator employs superconductors in stator and rotor to enable high torque density and low weight, that is, enable an ultra-light electric machine for wind application. However, the level of the AC loss of the stator armature coils is a critical issue, which lacks investigations in the design of the fully superconducting generators. In this paper, an in-house model was developed to analyze the potential of a fully superconducting generator by integrating the electromagnetic design with the AC loss estimation. The electromagnetic model was made through analytical equations, which take into consideration the geometry, the magnetic properties of iron, and the nonlinear E–J constitutive law of superconductors. Since the permeability of iron materials and the critical current of the superconductors depend on the magnetic field, an iteration process was proposed to find their operating points for every electromagnetic design. The AC loss estimation was carried out through finite element software based on the T–A formulation of Maxwell’s equations instead of analytical equations, due to the complexity of magnetic fields, currents and rotation. The results demonstrate that the design approach is viable and efficient, and is therefore useful for the preliminary design of the generator. In addition, it is found that smaller tape width, larger distance between the superconducting coils in the same slot, smaller coil number in one slot and lower working temperature can reduce the AC loss of the stator coils, but the reduction of the AC loss needs careful design to achieve an optimum solution.

show abstract

“…The aviation propulsion has a very high demand on safety and stability. However, the superconducting machines using HTS coils have always suffered the problem of low thermal stability and quench damages [12][13][14]. Quench has a significant influence on the safety and reliability of HTS machines, which has to be solved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No-Insulation High-Temperature Superconductor Winding Technique for Electrical Aircraft Propulsion

Wang

Weng

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrific.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High temperature superconductor (HTS) machine is promising candidate for the electrical aircraft propulsion, due to its great advantage on high power density. However, the HTS machine always suffers the problem of low thermal stability during quench. In this study, we apply a no-insulation (NI) coil technique on the rotor windings of HTS machines to enhance the stability and safety of the electrical aircraft. The NI HTS rotor windings experience ripple magnetic fields, which leads to induced eddy currents through the turn-to-turn contacts. This induced current and accompanying losses will considerably affect the practicality of this technique. To study this issue, an equivalent circuit network model is developed, and it is validated by experiments. Then analysis using this model show that most of induced current flows in the outer turns of the NI HTS coil because of skin effect, and lower turn-to-turn resistivity leads to higher transport current induced and more significant accumulation of turn-to-turn loss. A grading turn-to-turn resistivity is proposed to reduce the transport current induced and AC loss accumulation and meanwhile keep the high thermal stability of the NI HTS coil. Optimization of turn-to-turn resistivity is required when the NI HTS coil is applied in the machines environments.

show abstract

Ground Testing of the World's First MW-Class Direct-Drive Superconducting Wind Turbine Generator

Cited by 37 publications

References 20 publications

High-Power Machines and Starter-Generator Topologies for More Electric Aircraft: A Technology Outlook

High-Power Machines and Starter-Generator Topologies for More Electric Aircraft: A Technology Outlook

An Electromagnetic Design of a Fully Superconducting Generator for Wind Application

No-Insulation High-Temperature Superconductor Winding Technique for Electrical Aircraft Propulsion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About