Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Lysiloma acapulcensis exhibit high-antimicrobial activity

Abstract

The scientific community is exploiting the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in nanomedicine and other AgNPs combination like with biomaterials to reduce microbial contamination. In the field of nanomedicine and biomaterials, AgNPs are used as an antimicrobial agent. One of the most effective approaches for the production of AgNPs is green synthesis. Lysiloma acapulcensis (L. acapulcensis) is a perennial tree used in traditional medicine in Mexico. This tree contains abundant antimicrobial compounds. In the context of antimicrobial activity, the use of L. acapulcensis extracts can reduce silver to AgNPs and enhance its antimicrobial activity. In this work, we demonstrate such antimicrobial activity effect employing green synthesized AgNPs with L. acapulcensis. The FTIR and LC-MS results showed the presence of chemical groups that could act as either (i) reducing agents stabilizing the AgNPs or (ii) antimicrobial capping agents enhancing antimicrobial properties of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs with L. acapulcensis were crystalline with a spherical and quasi-spherical shape with diameters from 1.2 to 62 nm with an average size diameter of 5 nm. The disk diffusion method shows the magnitude of the susceptibility over four pathogenic microorganisms of clinical interest. The antimicrobial potency obtained was as follows: E. coli ≥ S. aureus ≥ P. aeruginosa > C. albicans. The results showed that green synthesized (biogenic) AgNPs possess higher antimicrobial potency than chemically produced AgNPs. The obtained results confirm a more significant antimicrobial effect of the biogenic AgNPs maintaining low-cytotoxicity than the AgNPs produced chemically. The field of material sciences encourages to obtain materials of various types of nanoscale shapes and architectures 1 .NPs with a size range of 1-100 nm, and different shapes provide unique chemical 2 , physical 3 and optical properties 4,5. NPs can be synthesized with physical, chemical and biological methods 6. These methods might have unique advantages and disadvantages depending on the end application 7-11. For example, physical methods might have some disadvantages when applied in microbiology. The methods can be time-consuming and constrain to specific requirements like high temperature or pressure, which might result unattractive owing to equipment and associated cost 12,13. A key advantage of chemical methods is the accessibility to get the NPs in

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using gum Arabic: Evaluation of its inhibitory action on Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and endocarditis

“…The formation of Ag NPs was noted in the color change of reaction mixture from light yellow to dark yellow within an hour indicated the synthesis of GA-AgNPs and the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) absorption band was at 420 nm. These results agreed with that reported for silver nitrate solution reduction to silver nanoparticles [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] ].

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“…The presence of phenols, alcohols, amides, sulfoxide, flavanoids, terpenoids and steroids etc. found in GA-AgNPs are also reported by other researchers [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] ].…”

“…The average size of NPs, width of Bragg’s reflection at 111, and the corresponding average size of the GA-AgNPs, was found to be 11.0 nm. The presence of several unassigned peaks indicates that the GA-AgNPs have bio-organic compounds derived from gum Arabic on their surfaces, as reported by several other workers [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] ].…”

“…This resin is a polymer with glycoproteins and polysaccharides. Arabinose and galactose present in the gum give a good binding capacity and are used in the food industry [ 15 ]. This water-soluble, edible glue is used in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.…”

Collagen-Carboxymethylcellulose Biocomposite Wound-Dressings with Antimicrobial Activity

“…Thus, the lowest absorbance value, correlated with the best antibacterial activity is attributed to the sample Coll CMC Ag 20 G. The silver free samples (Coll CMC G and Coll CMC N) have a reduced antibacterial activity, correlated with absorbance values similar to the value of the bacterial untreated control. The quantitative analysis results are in accordance with the ones from the qualitative assay and with the literature studies, which suggest an enhanced antimicrobial activity directly proportional with the AgNPs content from the samples [52]. Similar to the qualitative antimicrobial test, no statistically significant differences between the samples containing similar amounts of silver nanoparticles were found.…”