Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from fruit extract of Terminalia arjuna, for the enhanced seed germination activity of Gloriosa superba

Abstract

This study reveals the synthesis of spherical gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) using aqueous fruit extract of Terminalia arjuna, which contains tannin, terpenoid, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and polyphenolic compounds. The synthesized Au NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential (ZP) analyses. UV-visible spectra of the fruit extract containing Au NPs showed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 523 nm. FTIR analysis was performed to analyze the biomolecules responsible for the reduction of Au NPs. FTIR analysis clearly showed that Au NPs were capped with plant compounds. The EDX analysis was used to identify the elemental composition of the synthesized Au NPs. The high crystallinity of Au NPs with a face-centered cubic phase is evident to XRD patterns. AFM and TEM observations revealed that synthesized Au NPs were spherical shape with the range 20-50 nm. DLS measurement revealed that Au NPs were obtained in the average size of 25 nm and it is found to be stable at 21.9 mV through ZP analysis. The synthesized Au NPs were investigated for its antibacterial activity. By contrast, Au NPs did not show any antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The Au NPs were treated with two different concentrations (500 and 1,000 lM) of Gloriosa superba seeds. Au NPs exposure at 1,000 lM concentration has most significant effect on seed germination rate and vegetative growth of G. superba. This is the first report on Au NPs as a biocompatibility material to enhance the seed yield of this endangered medicinal plant. Keywords Terminalia arjuna Á Fruit extract Á Gold nanoparticles Á Gloriosa superba Á Seed germination index Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

Effect of Nano-Zirconium Oxide and Other Applications on Cowpea Seedlings Growth Under T Salt Stress

“…The results in Tables-(2, 3) indicated that 300 ppm of nano zirconium oxide treatment act as a promoting seedling growth and It excel than gibberellin in the results of morphological trait and the chemical content ( chlorophyll a,b and carbohydrate) in normal condition (without the addition of NaCl), that mean nano zirconium oxide in 300ppm concentration improved seedling growth also induced the synthesis of chlorophyll (a, b) and accumulation of carbohydrate contain. This result was agree with many researchers [12][13][14], they indicated that the interaction of nano practicle with plan promoting of the plant growth and development, such as increased the root length, plant height the number of leaves, leaf area, sugar and chlorophyll content. Also induced synthesis of protein and carbohydrate with decreased the total phenol content [15].…”

Green chemistry approach for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles with gum kondagogu: characterization, catalytic and antibacterial activity

“…The replacement of non-ecofriendly synthesis methods with clean, non-toxic and globally acceptable green chemistry methods [21] is the current need in the synthesis of AuNPs. Several biological systems such as bacteria, fungi, fruit extract and plants can actively reduce metal ions to form metal nanoparticles in an ecofriendly manner [22][23][24]. Among these, gums obtained from plants such as gum gellan, chitosan and katira gum, (natural polymers), etc., act as reducing agents and stabilizing agents [25][26][27].…”

Protective Role of Green Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles Using Terminalia arjuna against Acetaminophen Induced Hematological Alterations in Male Wistar Rats

“…The band observed at 627.88 cm -1 may be due to the bending vibrations of N-H groups in protein. Hence, FTIR analysis indicates that terpenoid, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and polyphenolic compounds are present in the bark extract of Terminalia arjuna [31]. The absorbance of IR band observed at 464.35 cm -1 is ascribed to the metal peak due to reduction of Au 3+ ions to Au 0 of green synthesized AuNPs.…”

“…Scientific research reports demonstrated that several plants were used for biosynthesis of nanoparticles, which includes Sida acuta leaf extract [13], Beta vulgaris [14], crude extract of Syzygium aromaticum [15], Piper nigrum [16]. Synthesis of AuNPs using several plants have been reported which includes Terminalia arjuna [17], Morinda citrifolia L. [18], Murraya koenigii [19], Terminalia chebula [20], R. tuberosa& P. acidus [21], and Gnidia glauca [22]. From environmental issues it is clear that the green synthesis meets the significant potential in using of safe, harmless, renewable materials for nanoparticle synthesis.…”