Green Power Marketing in the United States: A Status Report, Sixth Edition

Abstract

Green-e program for competitively marketed green power products requires that products contain at least 50% renewable energy content. For more information on the Green-e program, see http://www.green-e.org/. Municipalities City of Chicago-The City of Chicago and 48 local government agencies selected ComEd to supply 10% of their aggregated electricity needs with renewable power. Under the agreement, ComEd will increase the percentage of green power supply to 20% after five years, representing 80 MW of annual renewable power capacity from sources such as wind, solar, small hydro, and landfill gas. ComEd's profits from the sale of green power to the city will go into a Reinvestment Fund, which will be used to help attract and develop new renewable generation within the area. ComEd will administer the fund through the Environmental Resources Trust, a Washington, D.C., based auditing group that also will substantiate and track ComEd's green purchases.

Green energy market development in Germany: effective public policy and emerging customer demand

“…Sales to non-residential customers represented 26% of US green power sales in 2002(Bird and Swezey, 2003).…”

Utility Green Pricing Programs: Design, Implementation, and Consumer Response

“…The information presented in this report is based on data collected by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Since 1999, NREL has collected information on green pricing program participants, participation rates, retention rates, price premiums, green energy sales, new renewables capacity installed to supply green pricing programs, and enrollment requirements (Bird and Swezey 2003a, Swezey and Bird 2000, Swezey and Bird 1999. Prior to 2002, information was collected by telephone.…”

“…Initially, utilities offered green pricing to prepare for competition and to gain experience with renewable energy technologies. More recently, growth has been fueled in part by state laws requiring utilities to offer green power options and the improved economics of renewable energy technologies (Bird and Swezey 2003a). Despite the shift in motivation, utility green power options have increased steadily -since 1998, the number of green pricing programs has grown at an annual average rate exceeding 40%.…”

Economic Factors and Incentives for Ocean Wave Energy Conversion

“…Low-cost debt financing Anchoring System programs decrease costs incurred by project financiers to acquire capital usually by means of loan strategies. Table I illustrates possible renewable energy incentives [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The different incentives are discussed further in Section IV.…”

“…OF POSSIBLE INCENTIVES PROGRAMS[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] TRECs are allocated to renewable energy suppliers for each kWh generated and may be used to fulfill the RPS. Customer Choice Incentives Utility Green Pricing Program A special pricing program for renewables set up and managed by utilities.Fixed Tariffs Utility providers are required to purchase renewable energy at fixed prices, set by some regulating agency.Direct Production Incentive Renewable generators are given cash payments based upon the amount of electricity generated by the facility.…”