Green composites: A review of processing technologies and recent applications

Mann, Guravtar Singh; Singh, Lakhwinder; Kumar, Pramod; Singh, Sunpreet

doi:10.1177/0892705718816354

Cited by 145 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Out of all the available biopolymers, the most commonly used biodegradable matrices are Polylactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), starch and so forth [ 2 ]. These bio-based polymer matrices have good life cycle when compared to petroleum-based polymers [ 11 ].…”

Section: Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most encouraging biopolymer is PLA and it has been recognized since 1845 never was used commercially until the early 90s [ 13 ]. Now PLA is one of the most widely used polymers in green composites due to its mechanical properties and biocompatibility [ 11 ]. Moreover, PLA-based composites after utilization can be converted into water and carbon dioxide and can be utilized in the growth of agricultural products [ 14 ].…”

Section: Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PLA Composites Reinforced with Flax and Jute Fibers—A Review of Recent Trends, Processing Parameters and Mechanical Properties

et al. 2020

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Multiple environmental concerns such as garbage generation, accumulation in disposal systems and recyclability are powerful drivers for the use of many biodegradable materials. Due to the new uses and requests of plastic users, the consumption of biopolymers is increasing day by day. Polylactic Acid (PLA) being one of the most promising biopolymers and researched extensively, it is emerging as a substitute for petroleum-based polymers. Similarly, owing to both environmental and economic benefits, as well as to their technical features, natural fibers are arising as likely replacements to synthetic fibers to reinforce composites for numerous products. This work reviews the current state of the art of PLA compounds reinforced with two of the high strength natural fibers for this application: flax and jute. Flax fibers are the most valuable bast-type fibers and jute is a widely available plant at an economic price across the entire Asian continent. The physical and chemical treatments of the fibers and the production processing of the green composites are exposed before reporting the main achievements of these materials for structural applications. Detailed information is summarized to understand the advances throughout the last decade and to settle the basis of the next generation of flax/jute reinforced PLA composites (200 Maximum).

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Section: Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA Composites Reinforced with Flax and Jute Fibers—A Review of Recent Trends, Processing Parameters and Mechanical Properties

et al. 2020

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“…However, in certain applications, it is required that the product has a longer service life and therefore their biodegradability must be controlled. In such cases, the biodegradability could be controlled by chemically blocking the hydroxyl group in the cellulose molecule on the cellulosic fibers [38].…”

Section: Naturally Existing Variations and Biodegradabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Polymer Composites of Bio-Based Bast Fibers with Glass, Carbon and Basalt Fibers for Automotive Applications—A Review

et al. 2020

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Composites with reinforcements based on bast fibers such as flax, hemp and kenaf offer many advantages such as weight reduction, improved specific impact, flexural, acoustic properties, and balanced performance to cost that can be achieved by properly designing the material composition. Their position is well established, especially in the nonstructural automotive applications. However, in structural applications of composites, their mechanical property profile is not comparable to the dominant reinforcements such as glass and carbon fibers. The low mechanical properties of these composites could be improved by hybridization that involves adding high-performance fibers to the bast fiber composites that could improve the low mechanical performance of the bast fiber composites. The review presented in this article provides an overview of the developments in the field of hybrid polymer composites composed of bio-based bast fibers with glass, carbon, and basalt fibers. The focus areas are the composite manufacturing methods, the influence of hybridization on the mechanical properties, and the applications of hybrid composites.

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“…For this reason, surface modification is necessary to obtain good dispersion and compatibility in non-polar polymer matrices. These methods are well described in the literature [3,5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Strategy to Produce Hemp Fibers through a Waterglass-Based Ecofriendly Process

et al. 2020

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Natural fibers such as kenaf, hemp, flax, jute, and sisal have become the subject of much research as potential green or eco-friendly reinforcement composites, since they assure the reduction of weight, cost, and CO2 release with less reliance on oil sources. Herein, an inexpensive and eco-friendly waterglass treatment is proposed, allowing the production of silica-coated fibers that can be easily obtained in micro/nano fibrils through a low power mixer. The silica coating has been exploited to improve the chemical compatibility between fibers and the polymer matrix through the reaction of silanol groups with suitable coupling agents. In particular, silica-coated fibers easily functionalized with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTS) were used as a filler in the manufacturing of epoxy-based composites. Morphological investigation of the composites through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that the filler has a tendency to produce a web-like structure, formed by continuously interconnected fibrils and microfibrils, from which particularly effective mechanical properties may be obtained. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) shows that the functionalized fibers, in a concentration of 5 wt%, strongly affect the glass transformation temperature (10 °C increase) and the storage modulus of the pristine resin. Taking into account the large number of organosilicon compounds (in particular the alkoxide ones) available on the market, the new process appears to pave the way for the cleaner and cheaper production of biocomposites with different polymeric matrices and well-tailored interfaces.

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Green composites: A review of processing technologies and recent applications

Cited by 145 publications

References 107 publications

PLA Composites Reinforced with Flax and Jute Fibers—A Review of Recent Trends, Processing Parameters and Mechanical Properties

PLA Composites Reinforced with Flax and Jute Fibers—A Review of Recent Trends, Processing Parameters and Mechanical Properties

Hybrid Polymer Composites of Bio-Based Bast Fibers with Glass, Carbon and Basalt Fibers for Automotive Applications—A Review

A New Strategy to Produce Hemp Fibers through a Waterglass-Based Ecofriendly Process

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