Biocomposites are considered as the next-generation materials as these can be made using natural/green ingredients to offer sustainability, eco-efficiency, and green chemistry. Nowadays, biocomposites are being utilized by numerous sectors, which include automobile, biomedical, energy, toys, sports, and so on. In this review article, an effort has been made to provide a comprehensive assessment of the available green composites and their commonly used processing technologies for the sake of materials’ capabilities to meet up with demands of the present and forthcoming future. Various types of natural fibers have been investigated with polymer matrixes for the production of composite materials that are at par with the synthetic fiber composite. This review article also highlights the requirements of the green composites in various applications with a view point of variability of fibers available and their processing techniques. This review is specially done to strengthen the knowledge bank of the young researchers working in this field.

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Single layer graphene sheets and carbon nanotubes have resulted in the development of new materials for a variety of applications. Though there are a large number of experimental and numerical studies related to these nanofillers, still there is a lack of understanding of the effect of geometrical characteristics of these nanofillers on their mechanical properties. In this study, molecular dynamics simulation has been used to assess this issue. Two different computational models, single layer graphene sheets–copper and carbon nanotube–copper composites have been examined to study the effect of nanofiller geometry on Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of these nanocomposites. Effect of increase in temperature on Young’s modulus has also been predicted using molecular dynamics. The effect of nanofiller volume fraction ( Vf) on Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity has also been studied. Results of thermal conductivity obtained using molecular dynamics have been compared with theoretical models. Results show that with increase in Vf the Young’s modulus as well as thermal conductivity of single layer graphene sheets–Cu composites increases at a faster rate than that for carbon nanotube–Cu composite. For the same Vf, the Young’s modulus of single layer graphene sheets–Cu composite is higher than carbon nanotube–Cu composite.

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