Greater farmer investment in well-formulated diets can increase liveweight gain and smallholder gross margins from cattle fattening

Cowley, Frances; Syahniar, Theo Mahiseta; Ratnawati, Dian; Mayberry, Dianne; Marsetyo,; Pamungkas, Dicky; Poppi, D. P.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104297

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It demonstrated that ACIAR LCR is useful but that limits for ingredient inclusion need to be defined otherwise results can be disastrous. In these studies and in others (Ba et al 2008, Cowley et al 2020 gaplek and onggok have a maximum inclusion level of 40-50% beyond which intake declines with the result that live weight gain declines and IOFC decreases markedly. Similar anecdotal results are obtained for inclusion of palm kernel cake and copra meal in rations which are both recommended to have upper levels of inclusion of 25% for palatability reasons.…”

Section: Feed Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Feeding strategies for improving ruminant productivity in the post-COVID 19 pandemic era particularly for small holders

Poppi

Kusmartono

Kasmyati

et al. 2021

JIIP

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COVID-19 has highlighted the need for robust cattle supply chains using local feed resources. Higher Income Over Food Costs (IOFC) are usually achieved when live weight gains are high and the cost of the ingredients are low. There is a need to formulate rations with high metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) to achieve the high live weight gain. Rations can be formulated locally by farmer co-operatives, entrepreneurs and local commercial enterprises to take advantage of cheaper prices for local ingredients. To do this, rations need to be altered quickly to take advantage of local fluctuations in prices and availability of ingredients. A recent ACIAR funded project has developed a least cost ration (ACIAR LCR) system to formulate rations to meet minimum ME and CP contents for beef cattle using locally available ingredients. The use of cassava and its various products in combination with protein sources, such as tree legumes and high protein by-products, have markedly improved IOFC.

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Section: Feed Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Table 5 gives an example of various inclusion levels of gaplek and Table 6 gives results for the level of supplement fed. The data of Marsetyo et al (2020) in Table 6 clearly show that the level of supplement should be high if live weight gain and IOFC are to be increased to high levels.…”

Section: How To Formulate Rationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding strategies for improving ruminant productivity in the post-COVID 19 pandemic era particularly for small holders

Poppi

Kusmartono

Kasmyati

et al. 2021

JIIP

Self Cite

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“…The feed to gain ratio (FFG) was the ratio of feed DM intake to ADG. Income over feed cost (IOFC) was obtained from the ADG multiplied by the price of the ADG (IDR/kg LW) minus the average daily feed costs of DMI (IDR/day), as previously reported by Cowley et al (2020). The price of ADG was IDR 55.000/kg LW.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This coupled with little difference in FFG of the supplemented groups meant that IOFC was markedly increased under supplementation. Priyanti et al (2012) reported that IOFC values can be used as an initial indicator to determine the viability of a fattening operation, although the IOFC values are less responsive to daily feed cost than ADG (Cowley et al 2020). These products are readily available, but range widely in price depending on the region and markets for the DCP.…”

Section: Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilising Gliricidia sepium leaf meal as a protein substitute in cassava-based supplements to increase average daily gain of Ongole bulls and income of smallholder farmers

et al. 2022

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Context. Formulating supplements with Gliricidia sepium leaf meal (GLM) and cassava powder to promote liveweight gain of Ongole bulls. Aims. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using GLM as a substitute for copra meal (CM) or soybean hulls (SBH) in a concentrate containing dry cassava powder (DCP) on the average daily gain of Ongole bulls and income over feed cost. Methods. Forty Ongole bulls were allocated in a randomised block design with 10 head per treatment. The control group (R 0 ) was provided the current feeding system (CFS) fed ad libitum, with supplemented treatments consisting of the current feeding system fed ad libitum + 1% liveweight (on approximate DM basis)/day of three different concentrate supplement diets (R 1 , R 2 and R 3 ). R 1 concentrate contained 50% DCP, 25% CM and 25% SBH; R 2 was 50% DCP, 25% GLM and 25% SBH; and R 3 was 50% DCP, 25% CM and 25% GLM. The bulls belonged to cooperative smallholder farmers in the Banaran and Bleberan villages, Playen Subdistrict, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The experiment was performed for 12 weeks from 22 December 2018 to 16 March 2019. Key results. The average weight gain of bulls (kg/head) in the treatments R 0 , R 1 , R 2 and R 3 were 0.31, 0.75, 0.61 and 0.62, respectively. The income over feed cost of supplement treatments R 1 , R 2 and R 3 was double that of the control (R 0 ). Conclusions. It was concluded that GLM can replace the use of SBH and CM in a cassava-based supplement and increase the income of farmers in this district. Implications. Cassava powder can be combined with GLM to form a concentrate that increases the average weight gain of Ongole bulls and income of farmers.

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“…If only milk revenue and feed costs data are available, economic calculations, such as income over feed cost and milkto-feed price ratio, can be used (23)(24)(25). Income over feed cost is often used to monitor whether the feed cost is in line for the milk production or whether the feed management is successful (26)(27)(28). Milk-to-feed price ratio indicates the convenience of transforming feed into milk in terms of market opportunity (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herd level economic comparison between the shape of the lactation curve and 305 d milk production

et al. 2022

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Greater farmer investment in well-formulated diets can increase liveweight gain and smallholder gross margins from cattle fattening

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Feeding strategies for improving ruminant productivity in the post-COVID 19 pandemic era particularly for small holders

Feeding strategies for improving ruminant productivity in the post-COVID 19 pandemic era particularly for small holders

Utilising Gliricidia sepium leaf meal as a protein substitute in cassava-based supplements to increase average daily gain of Ongole bulls and income of smallholder farmers

Herd level economic comparison between the shape of the lactation curve and 305 d milk production

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