Abstract. This research was conducted to evaluate the performance of female Madura cattle in three districts of Madura Island (Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep), known as breeding areas for purebred Madura cattle. Vital statistics of 1,040 female Madura cattle at 24 and 30 months old in Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep district were measured and analysed. Mean of Body weight, chest girth, body length, and wither height of female Madura cattle at 24 months old were 191.7±17.6 kg, 133±3.0 cm, 124.0±2.1 cm, 115.7±2.9 cm, respectively, and those at 30 months old were 209.4±23.6 kg, 138.2±4.5 cm, 125.7±2.6 cm, 116.7±3.4 cm, respectively. The body weight, chest girth, body length of female Madura cattle at 24 and 30 months old in Pamekasan district (216.6±26.5 kg, 135.2±6.1 cm, 125.4±3.9 cm, and 238.0±28.5 kg, 141.5±6.7 cm, 127.9±3.5 cm, respectively) showed the highest value compared to those in Sampang and Sumenep district. Phenotypic correlation between vital statistics and body weight at 24 and 30 months old ranged between -0.43 to 0.90. Chest girth showed the positive highest correlation with body weight of female Madura cattle at 24 months old (0.24) and at 30 month old (0.90). It indicated that chest girth could be used as estimation parameter for body weight in female Madura cattle.

Desa Gunungrejo merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Singosari, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penduduk Desa Gunungrejo sebagaian besar bermatapencaharian sebagai petani disamping juga sebagai peternak khususnya sapi potong betina dengan tujuan pembibitan. Pemeliharaan ternak di Desa Gunungrejo masih dilakukan secara konvensional yaitu dengan memanfaatkan hijauan dan rumput lapang yang ada disekitar, disisi lain potensi limbah agroindustri sebagai pakan ternak di Desa Gunungrejo cukup melimpah dan belum termanfaatkan secara optimal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk transfer ilmu pengetahuan (IPTEK) berupa introduksi teknologi pengolahan pakan kepada peternak di Desa Gunungrejo. Teknologi yang ditawarkan adalah teknologi aplikatif yaitu teknologi pakan lengkap yang berbasis bahan pakan lokal dan teknologi fermentasi pakan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dimulai dengan sosialisasi kegiatan yang dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan materi dan praktik pengolahan pakan, pendampingan serta evaluasi dilakukan secara berkala untuk memastikan keberlanjutan program. Pengolahan pakan ternak didasarkan pada formulasi pakan yang dirancang sesuai kebutuhan gizi ternak dengan biaya produksi yang terjangkau. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah peternak mendapatkan pengetahuan baru mengenai kebutuhan nutrisi ternak, pengolahan pakan ternak yang aplikatif serta strategi pemeliharaan ternak yang efektif dan efisien. Pakan lengkap yang diproduksi untuk ternak betina di Desa Gunungrejo adalah BK 89,27%, BO 90,54%, PK 10,06%, LK 3,60% dan SK 26,72% sedangkan kandungan nutrisi pakan lengkap untuk ternak jantan adalah BK 89,03%, BO 90,12%, PK 12,36%, LK 4,21% dan SK 28,16%. Berdasarkan hasil dari kegiatan, maka diharapkan keberlanjutan dari program pengabdian ini dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ternak, pendapatan dan kesejahteraan peternak di Desa Gunungrejo, Kabupaten Malang.

The research objective was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Moringa oleifera, Lam (MO) and its relationship to chemical composition and in vitro gas production (IVGP). Fresh MO leaves were kept frozen in ice gels pack until laboratory analysis. Four methods applied: RAPD marker for measuring DNA concentration and purification; Kjeldhal and HPLC for analysing proximate and amino acid (AA) composition; and IVGP. MO's four distinct morphology found: green, red, reddish green and aromatic green. RAPD result analysis was 68.8-74.7 %, it means those MO had a close genetic similarity. The morphological differences are also related to leaves chemical composition variation. The highest protein and AAs content were found in aromatic green MO. Total IVGP at 96 hours reached 95.9, 99.3, 111, 115 mL per 500 mg DM in aromatic green, green, reddish green, red MO, respectively and statistically among those was highly significant difference (P<0.01). However, DM and OM digestibility did not differ significantly and estimated ME contents were similar suggesting MO leaves had sufficient fermentable nitrogen amount required to ensure rumen microbes normal activities. Conclusively, those MO has a close genetic relationship but the aromatic green MO more beneficial due its higher content of crude protein and AAs.

No abstract

This study evaluated feeds for fattening and breeding beef cattle in smallholder farmers located in Malang, Pamekasan, and Tuban regencies. The research was conducted using two methods i.e., survey and laboratory analysis. The data survey was carried out in each area, and 30 respondents (n=30) were observed per area in classification of low to medium livestock ownership. Laboratory analysis was performed to analyse the chemical composition of the feed and to measure the total gas production. The data analysis approach used quantitative descriptive to describe the nutritional value quality of beef cattle feed with available quantitative data. The results showed variations in the nutrient content of the beef cattle feed in three different study locations in smallholder farmers located in Regency of Malang, Pamekasan, and Tuban while the total gas production showed a high production in the fattening cattle feeds between three study locations. Thus, it was concluded that the feed for fattening cattle had better nutrient content in terms of crude protein content and total gas production than the breeding cattle feed.

Most farmers that keeping Ettawa Crossbred Goats (ECG) in the lowland (LL) and upland (UL) areas in East Java do not feed their goats with concentrate as it is considered costly. These farmers, however, use the leguminous leaves of gliricidia as part of their goats' ration. This experiment, hence, was designed to study the effect of the gliricidia leaves in substituting the commonly available proteinous concentrate on the ECG performance. A Randomized Block Design was employed including 2 location (upland and lowland) and three feed treatments with 4 replication. Three feed treatments include [1] G 0 that comprised 70% of basal diet plus 30% of concentrate [2] G 15 comprised 70% basal diet plus 15% gliricida and 15% concentrate [3] G 30 comprises 70% basal diet plus 30% gliricidia. The basal diet was Napier grass and maize straw silage. A total of 24 ECG of similar body weight age and lactation period were used.The variables under research were feed intake covering dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP). In this research, Nutrient Digestibility included DM, OM, and CP. The milk production was particularly measured in ECM (Hemme, 2010) while the milk quality was analyzed by utilizing Lactoscan. The data analysis applied Nested Designby using Genstat 12.2. The result showed that LL location generated significant impact (P<0.05) and was higher than UL compared to intake,

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proporsi terbaik dari pengaruh penambahan ragi tape dalam UMB sebagai sumber probiotik terhadap sintesis protein mikroba rumen dan produksi gas secara in vitro. Materi pada penelitian ini adalah bahan penyusun UMB yang terdiri dari molasses, semen, pollard, urea, mineral mix, garam, ragi tape. Metode pengukuran produksi gas secara in vitro menggunakan cairan rumen yang diambil dari sapi PFH berfistula. Sampel rumput gajah diambil dari Laboratorium Lapang Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Brawijaya dan konsentrat dari KUD Pujon. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), apabila hasil uji menunjukkan adanya perbedaan maka dilakukan uji lanjutan menggunakan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (UJBD). Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan ragi tape pada permbuatan UMB memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap nilai produksi gas total inkubasi 48 jam dan nilai potensi produksi gas (b), serta tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai laju produksi gas (c) dan sintesis protein mikroba rumen. Perlakuan terbaik ada pada P2 yaitu UMB dengan penambahan ragi tape sebesar 4%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka disarankan untuk dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut secara in vivo untuk mengetahui respon.

COVID-19 has highlighted the need for robust cattle supply chains using local feed resources. Higher Income Over Food Costs (IOFC) are usually achieved when live weight gains are high and the cost of the ingredients are low. There is a need to formulate rations with high metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) to achieve the high live weight gain. Rations can be formulated locally by farmer co-operatives, entrepreneurs and local commercial enterprises to take advantage of cheaper prices for local ingredients. To do this, rations need to be altered quickly to take advantage of local fluctuations in prices and availability of ingredients. A recent ACIAR funded project has developed a least cost ration (ACIAR LCR) system to formulate rations to meet minimum ME and CP contents for beef cattle using locally available ingredients. The use of cassava and its various products in combination with protein sources, such as tree legumes and high protein by-products, have markedly improved IOFC.