Graphene Oxide-Gold Star Construct on Triangular Electrodes for Alzheimer’s Disease Identification

Abstract

Nanotechnology is playing a major role in the field of medical diagnosis, in particular with the biosensor and bioimaging. It improves the performance of the desired system dramatically by displaying higher selectivity and sensitivity. Carbon nanomaterial, gold nanostructure, magnetite nanoparticle, and silica substrate are the most popular nanomaterials greatly contributed to make the affordable and effective biosensor at low-cost. This research work is introducing a new sensing strategy with graphene oxide-constructed triangular electrodes to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD). MicroRNA-137 (miRNA-137) was found as a suitable biomarker for AD, and the sensing method was established here to detect miRNA-137 on the complementary sequence. To enhance the immobilization of capture miRNA-137, gold nanostar (GNS) was conjugated with capture miRNA and immobilized on the GO-modified surface through an amine linker. This immobilization process enhanced the hybridization of the target and reaches the detection limit at 10 fM with the sensitivity of 1 fM on the linear curve with a regression coefficient of 0.9038. Further control sequences of miRNA-21 and single and triple base mismatched miRNA-137 did not show a significant response in current changes, indicating the specific miRNA-137 detection for diagnosing AD.

Graphene-based Nanomaterials in Fighting the Most Challenging Viruses and Immunogenic Disorders

“…The manufactured biosensor was also tested for the examination of human plasma that had been spiked. The immunosensor allowed for quick, accurate, exact, repeatable, and extremely sensitive Aβ In a 2021 paper reported by Chang et al, 154 GO-constructed triangular electrodes were used to introduce a new sensing approach for diagnosing AD. A good AD biomarker has been shown to be microRNA-137 (miRNA-137), and a sensing method for the detection of miRNA-137 on complementary sequences was developed.…”

“…In a 2021 paper reported by Chang et al , GO-constructed triangular electrodes were used to introduce a new sensing approach for diagnosing AD. A good AD biomarker has been shown to be microRNA-137 (miRNA-137), and a sensing method for the detection of miRNA-137 on complementary sequences was developed.…”

Printed Electrochemical Strip for the Detection of miRNA-29a: A Possible Biomarker Related to Alzheimer’s Disease

“…The same miRNA target was also recently detected by Chang at al. with their graphene oxide constructed triangular electrodes specific to detect miRNA-137 using the complementary sequence as the recognition probe . To enhance the immobilization of capturing miRNA-137, gold nanostars (GNS) were conjugated with the immobilized capture probe, leading to a 10 fM detection limit.…”

“…with their graphene oxide constructed triangular electrodes specific to detect miRNA-137 using the complementary sequence as the recognition probe. 37 To enhance the immobilization of capturing miRNA-137, gold nanostars (GNS) were conjugated with the immobilized capture probe, leading to a 10 fM detection limit. Song and co-workers developed a multiplatform for the determination of multiple Alzheimer’s biomarkers, including tau, ApoE4, amyloid β, and miRNA-101, exploiting the advantage of minipillar-based architectures.…”

Gold nanourchin enhances detection of Alzheimer's disease biomarker “miRNA‐137” on dual electrode sensing surface

“…Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), gold nanourchin (GNU) at the size of 55 ± 5 nm, (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS), and ethanol were procured from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). The sequences used for experiment were synthesized commercially 1. Target RNA-137: 5′-UUA UUG CUU AAG AAU ACG CGU AG-3′; capture RNA-137: 5′-COOH-CUA CGC GUA UUC UUA AGC AAU AA-3′; single-mismatched RNA-137: 5′-UUA UUG CUU AAC AAU ACG CGU AG-3′; triplemismatched RNA-137: 5′-UUA UUG CUU ATC TAU ACG CGU AG-3′.…”