Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease affecting the central nervous system for which donepezil is usually prescribed. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of donepezil on the cognitive functions and expression levels of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the peripheral blood of patients with Alzheimer's disease. In total, 76 patients with cognitive impairment, who visited the Department of Neurology of Binzhou City Center Hospital from June 2015 to September 2016, had memory decline for more than three consecutive months and underwent mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score screening, were selected for the study. All 76 patients were divided into the experimental (n=38) and control (n=38) groups by random number table. Patients in the control group were treated using conventional drugs combined with Nimotop, and patients in the experimental group received conventional drug therapy combined with donepezil, and the treatment outcomes in the two groups were compared. The MMSE scores and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores after treatment in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The activities of daily living scale (ADL) was decreased significantly (P<0.05). By comparing with the control group, the MMSE and MoCA scores in the experimental group were higher (P<0.05) while the ADL score was lower (P<0.05), and the adverse reaction rate during the treatment was lower (P<0.05). The Aβ levels in serum after medical treatment were obviously decreased in the two groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The serum Aβ level in the experimental group after treatment was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Drug therapy combined with donepezil has a certain degree of influence on the MMSE, ADL and MoCA scores of patients with Alzheimer's disease, which can decrease the Aβ level in peripheral blood and improve the cognitive functions of patients, thus having important clinical significance.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of butyphthalide in the treatment of massive cerebral infarction. Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with massive cerebral infarction who were admitted to the hospital between January 2017 and December 2017 were selected and divided into a treatment group (n = 60) and a control group (n = 60) using random number table, 80 each group. Patients in the control group were given conventional cerebral infarction therapy, while patients in the treatment group were given butyphthalide injection besides the conventional treatment. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, score of activity of daily living (ADL), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) and prognosis were recorded and compared between the two groups. The response rates of the two groups were recorded. Results: The total response rates of the control group and treatment group were 73.85% and 93.85% respectively at the postoperative 21st day, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The NIHSS score of the two groups obviously decreased, and the ADL score significantly increased after treatment; the differences of NIHSS score and ADL score before and after treatment in the same group had statistical significance (P<0.05). The improvement of the indexes of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group, and the differences between the two groups had statistical significance (P<0.05). The level of LP-PLA2 of both groups significantly decreased at the postoperative 21st day, and the difference before and after treatment in the same group was statistically significant (P<0.05); the treatment group had a significantly lower level of LP-PLA2 than the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The treatment group had significantly higher positive outcome rate and lower mortality rate than the control group at the postoperative 90th day, and the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse events of the treatment group and control group was 8.3% (5/60) and 5.0% (3/60) respectively, suggesting no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: Butyphthalide has a favourable effect in treating massive cerebral infarction. It can repair neurologic impairment, improve activity of daily living, and adjust the level of LP-PLA2, suggesting favourable application values. How to cite this:Wang X, Sun Y, Dong S, Liu X, Ji J. Butyphthalide in the treatment of massive Cerebral Infarction. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.320 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effects of gastrodin on 5-HT and neurotrophic factor in the treatment of patients with post-stroke depression (PSD) were investigated. A total of 78 PSD patients were selected in Binzhou City Center Hospital from September 2013 to December 2016. Patients were randomly divided into the control group and experimental group, 39 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional drug fluoxertine hydrochloride for 2 months, and patients in the experimental group were treated with gastrodin. The levels of 5-HT and neurotrophic factors in blood were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit before, and at 1 and 2 months after treatment. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, NIH Stroke Scale/Score (NIHSS) and Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) were used to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. Treatment efficacy was compared between the two groups. The levels of 5-HT and neurotrophic factors were significantly higher in the experimental group than those in the control group at 1 and 2 months after treatment (P<0.05), and HAMD, ADL, NIHSS and SIS scores were all better in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, significantly less side effects were found in the experimental group than that in the control group, and treatment efficacy in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Gastrodin is effective in the treatment of PSD and should be popularized.
In this work, the cumulative damage effect of tunneling and blasting on the rock surrounding a tunnel is studied. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is used to detect the damage of tunnel surrounding rock during blasting. and EEMD–HHT transform is used to process the obtained radar signals to obtain an intuitive representation of the damage. The relative relationship between fractal dimension and degree of damage is established to analyze the damage evolution of the tunnel surrounding rock quantitatively. The results show that the instantaneous amplitude parameter obtained by the EEMD–HHT transform could reflect the damage characteristics of the original signal and analyze the characteristics of damage evolution quantitatively. The effect of cyclic blasting causes a great direct disturbance to the area near the blast source and generates new fissures, which could aggravate the damage. The impact of blasting on areas located far from the blast source is mostly manifested as the expansion and penetration of existing cracks. The fractal dimension of the damage area is closely related to the damage evolution of the rock mass; the greater the change in fractal dimension, the more intense the damage expansion and evolution. This study quantitatively analyzes changes in the damage of tunnel surrounding rock through fractal dimensions, enriches the theoretical system of damage evolution in rock masses, and explores a new strategy to study blasting disturbances in tunnel surrounding rock.
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