Granuloma Multiforme (Leiker)

Marshall, James; Weber, Herbert; Kok, Sang‐Heng

doi:10.1159/000254295

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Due to the histopathologic findings, it is now considered a necrobiotic disorder. Leiker et al ., 1 in 1964, coined the term “granuloma multiforme” to describe “the variety of clinical presentation and the granulomatous histology.” It has been reported mostly from African countries, 2–6 but rarely from other parts of the world 7,8…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is called “ Unono enyl ” (elephant ringworm) in Africa. The condition was originally thought to be confined to central Africa; however, it has been reported occasionally from Nigeria, 1–4 Kenya, 3 Congo, 5 Tanzania, 7 Zaire, 7 Cameroon, 7 and Indonesia 7…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lesions also never ulcerate. The general health of the patient is not affected, but the disease is a cause of cosmetic disfigurement 1,2 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact etiopathogenesis of this disorder is still unknown. No bacteria or any other infectious agent has been identified 1,2,4,5 . Airborne agents, dust, organic excreta, and irritant material have been considered as the cause of granulomas, but not proved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Granuloma multiforme

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CASE 1: A 51-year-old woman presented with skin-colored annular lesions on the upper chest, neck, and dorsa of the hands of 1-year duration. The lesions initially started as small papular lesions, which gradually evolved to form large annular and polycyclic lesions. Initially, the lesions were associated with a burning sensation and pruritus. She had no other systemic complaints. Examination revealed 5-6 annular, polycyclic lesions distributed over the upper chest, neck, and dorsa of both hands, varying in size from 1 to 5 cm. All the lesions had a prominent erythematous to skin-colored, irregular, papular border which was firm in consistency (Figs 1 and 2). Central clearing and minimal atrophy were evident in larger lesions. There was no sensory loss or peripheral nerve thickening. Clinical possibilities entertained were granuloma annulare, granuloma multiforme, and annular sarcoid. Routine investigations, including hemogram, renal and liver functions, blood sugar levels, chest X-ray, and urine examination, were within normal limits. A skin biopsy taken from the edge of a lesion revealed foci of collagen degeneration surrounded by an inflammatory infiltrate composed of many histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells. In addition, there were perivascular and periadnexal lymphocytic aggregates. No acid-fast bacilli (AFB) were detected. These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of granuloma multiforme (Fig. 3). CASE 2: A 47-year-old man presented with annular skin-colored lesions associated with a mild burning sensation of 8 months' duration. On examination, 2-3 annular, arciform lesions were distributed over the upper chest and neck. The lesions ranged in size from 2 to 7 cm in diameter, were irregular in shape, and were rimmed by a well-defined raised papular border. Again, there was no sensory loss or peripheral nerve thickening. Histopathology of the skin from the edge of the lesion showed multiple areas of histiocytic granulomas with focal necrobiosis and prominent multinucleated giant cells, findings consistent with granuloma multiforme.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lesions also never ulcerate. The general health of the patient is not affected, but the disease is a cause of cosmetic disfigurement 1,2 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Granuloma multiforme

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The same applies to granulotna multiforme, Mkar disease (Lciker et al, 1964;Marshall et al, 1967), a chronic, benign dermatosis common in middle-aged and elderly Negroes in the Tiv Division of Benuc Province in Northern Nigeria where leprosy is endemic. The lesions so closely resemble those of tuberculoid leprosy that only the advent of effective remedies against leprosy aroused the suspicion that patients not responditig to treatment (up to 25% in some clinics) might have a disease apart, I do not think that this is a now disease.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%