The role of chemical technology in printing processes is changing. These changes are driven by cost, convenience, and environmental pressures. Rapid advances in alternative media and computer technology are enabling the incorporation of electronic processes into the printing workflow to meet industry cost and performance needs. Elements of the printing process from image creation, capture, assembly, storage, movement, approval, duplication, output, and distribution are examined. The continuing role of chemical printing processes such as lithography, flexography, letterpress, screen printing, and thermal printing, as well as the various media and inks employed, is described. The opportunities provided by electronic technology are also presented. The newer electronic digital processes involve consumable materials that are based on chemical systems more suited to the changing needs of the printing industry. The new digital systems capabilities are discussed in terms of their impact on industry practices and workflow. Technologies that are changing the nature of the printing industry include thermal imaging, electrophotography, and ink‐jet printing.