GPS/STORM—GPS Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor for Meteorology

Rocken, Christian; Hove, Teresa Van; Johnson, James M.; Solheim, Fred; Ware, Randolph; Bevis, Michael; Chiswell, Steve; Businger, Steve

doi:10.1175/1520-0426(1995)012<0468:gsoawv>2.0.co;2

Cited by 249 publications

(151 citation statements)

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“…This estimation agrees with previous studies where uncertainties are obtained by comparison with water vapour radiometers and radiosondes (Kuo et al, 1993;Rocken et al, 1993Rocken et al, , 1995Businger et al, 1996;Duan et al, 1996;Tregoning et al, 1998).…”

Section: Uncertainty Of the Gps-based Iwvsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Using surface measurements of pressure and temperature, these ZTD values can be turned into IWV values (Bevis et al, 1992(Bevis et al, , 1994Rocken et al, 1995;Ware et al, 1997) and used for atmospheric research.…”

Section: Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of the formal error for IGS stations over the whole period (1995( -April 2011 is given in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Uncertainty Of the Gps-based Iwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multi-site intercomparison of integrated water vapour observations for climate change analysis

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Water vapour plays a dominant role in the climate change debate. However, observing water vapour over a climatological time period in a consistent and homogeneous manner is challenging. On one hand, networks of groundbased instruments able to retrieve homogeneous integrated water vapour (IWV) data sets are being set up. Typical examples are Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observation networks such as the International GNSS Service (IGS), with continuous GPS (Global Positioning System) observations spanning over the last 15+ years, and the AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET), providing long-term observations performed with standardized and well-calibrated sun photometers. On the other hand, satellite-based measurements of IWV already have a time span of over 10 years (e.g. AIRS) or are being merged to create long-term time series (e.g. GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2).This study performs an intercomparison of IWV measurements from satellite devices (in the visible, GOME/SCIAMACHY/GOME-2, and in the thermal infrared, AIRS), in situ measurements (radiosondes) and ground-based instruments (GPS, sun photometer), to assess their use in water vapour trends analysis. To this end, we selected 28 sites world-wide for which GPS observations can directly be compared with coincident satellite IWV observations, together with sun photometer and/or radiosonde measurements. The mean biases of the different techniques compared to the GPS estimates vary only between −0.3 to 0.5 mm of IWV. Nevertheless these small biases are accompanied by large standard deviations (SD), especially for the satellite instruments. In particular, we analysed the impact of clouds on the IWV agreement. The influence of specific issues for each instrument on the intercomparison is also investigated (e.g. the distance between the satellite ground pixel centre and the co-located ground-based station, the satellite scan angle, daytime/nighttime differences). Furthermore, we checked if the properties of the IWV scatter plots between these different instruments are dependent on the geography and/or altitude of the station. For all considered instruments, the only dependency clearly detected is with latitude: the SD of the IWV observations with respect to the GPS IWV retrievals decreases with increasing latitude and decreasing mean IWV.

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Section: Uncertainty Of the Gps-based Iwvsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multi-site intercomparison of integrated water vapour observations for climate change analysis

et al. 2014

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“…Rocken et al, 1993Rocken et al, , 1995Emardson et al, 1998 GPS network. The data were obtained from the Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden, and the Finnish Geodetic Institute.…”

Section: Validation Of the Hrm With Groundbased Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a regional weather forecast model with GPS data

Johnsen

Rockel

2001

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans a

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“…These can be accurately derived from GPS-based estimates of zenith path delay (ZPD) at a ground GPS tracking site, using ancillary measurements of pressure and tem-perature (Bevis et al 1992;Rocken et al 1995;Ware et al 1997;Bar-Sever et al 1998). The high spatial and temporal resolution afforded by the vast and ever growing network of GPS tracking sites, and by the continuous nature of the GPS measurements renders the GPS-based estimates of ZPD highly valuable for the above-mentioned disciplines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new type of troposphere zenith path delay product of the international GNSS service

Byun

Bar-Sever

2009

J Geod

180

115

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The International GNSS Service (IGS) has been producing the total troposphere zenith path delay (ZPD) product that is based on combined ZPD contributions from several IGS Analysis Centers (AC) since GPS week 890 in 1997.A new approach to the production of the IGS ZPD has been proposed that replaces the direct combination of diverse ZPD products with point positioning estimates using the IGS Combined Final orbit and clock products. The new product was formally adopted in 2007 after several years of concurrent production with the legacy product. We describe here the advantages of the new approach for the IGS ZPD product, which enhance the value of the new ZPD product for climate studies. We also address the impact the IGS adoption in November 2006 of new GPS antenna phase center standards has had on the new ZPD product. Finally we describe plans to further enhance the ZPD products.

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GPS/STORM—GPS Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor for Meteorology

Cited by 249 publications

References 0 publications

A multi-site intercomparison of integrated water vapour observations for climate change analysis

A multi-site intercomparison of integrated water vapour observations for climate change analysis

Validation of a regional weather forecast model with GPS data

A new type of troposphere zenith path delay product of the international GNSS service

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