GORK Channel: A Master Switch of Plant Metabolism?

Adem, Getnet Dino; Chen, Guang; Shabala, Lana; Chen, Zhonghua; Shabala, Sergey

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2019.12.012

Cited by 89 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…We have to note, that cytosolic K + retention is one of the key traits conferring salinity tissue tolerance in root and leaf tissues ( Shabala and Pottosin, 2014 ; Wu et al., 2018 ; Rubio et al., 2020 ). In addition, there is a growing amount of evidences suggesting that cytosolic K + may operate as another second messenger mediating plant adaptive responses to hostile environment, including salinity ( Anschütz et al., 2014 ; Shabala, 2017 ; Adem et al., 2020 ). Thus, given K + transport ability of CHX proteins, they could be an important part of machinery regulating cytosolic K + homeostasis and shaping K + “signatures” in response to salt stress ( Rubio et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Cpa2 Superfamilymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters

et al. 2020

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The processes of plant nutrition, stress tolerance, plant growth, and development are strongly dependent on transport of mineral nutrients across cellular membranes. Plant membrane transporters are key components of these processes. Among various membrane transport proteins, the monovalent cation proton antiporter (CPA) superfamily mediates a broad range of physiological and developmental processes such as ion and pH homeostasis, development of reproductive organs, chloroplast operation, and plant adaptation to drought and salt stresses. CPA family includes plasma membrane-bound Na + /H + exchanger (NhaP) and intracellular Na + /H + exchanger NHE (NHX), K + efflux antiporter (KEA), and cation/H + exchanger (CHX) family proteins. In this review, we have completed the phylogenetic inventory of CPA transporters and undertaken a comprehensive evolutionary analysis of their development. Compared with previous studies, we have significantly extended the range of plant species, including green and red algae and Acrogymnospermae into phylogenetic analysis. Our data suggest that the multiplication and complexation of CPA isoforms during evolution is related to land colonisation by higher plants and associated with an increase of different tissue types and development of reproductive organs. The new data extended the number of clades for all groups of CPAs, including those for NhaP/SOS, NHE/NHX, KEA, and CHX. We also critically evaluate the latest findings on the biological role, physiological functions and regulation of CPA transporters in relation to their structure and phylogenetic position. In addition, the role of CPA members in plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses is summarized, and the future priority directions for CPA studies in plants are discussed.

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Section: Cpa2 Superfamilymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters

et al. 2020

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“…The drop in [K + ] cyt often originates from K + leakage into the apoplast, although the sequestration of K + ions into the vacuole is also possible during hypoxia [ 38 ]. New findings suggest that the potassium efflux might be operated by the activation of GORK channels [ 25 ]. The activation depends on depolarization-dependent GORK clustering in the plasma membrane [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyclic nucleotides (CNs), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), G proteins, protein phosphatases, inositol, ROS and ATP are on a list of potential GORK regulating ligands. The presented data even stronger introduced both K + and GORK in signaling cascades triggered by stress factors and led to the conclusion that potassium fulfills the role of a second messenger [ 17 , 25 ]. A signaling role of potassium is well documented for salt stress [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The activity of these channels is sensitive to membrane potential depolarization through a clustering mechanism [ 24 ]. A number of experimental data combined with a bioinformatics approach suggest a possible ligand regulation of K + flux through GORK channels [ 25 ]. Cyclic nucleotides (CNs), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), G proteins, protein phosphatases, inositol, ROS and ATP are on a list of potential GORK regulating ligands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, additional studies are required to estimate a possible modulation of K + transport through an ERF-VII-mediated response to a lack of oxygen. Nevertheless, hypoxic/anoxic environment causes K + efflux from plant cells and GORK channels are supposed to play a crucial role in this process [ 25 ]. Under hypoxic stress, cytosolic K + participates in the regulation of several physiological processes possibly including the formation of aerenchyma [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potassium Efflux and Cytosol Acidification as Primary Anoxia-Induced Events in Wheat and Rice Seedlings

Yemelyanov

Чиркова

Шишова

et al. 2020

Plants

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Both ion fluxes and changes of cytosolic pH take an active part in the signal transduction of different environmental stimuli. Here we studied the anoxia-induced alteration of cytosolic K+ concentration, [K+]cyt, and cytosolic pH, pHcyt, in rice and wheat, plants with different tolerances to hypoxia. The [K+]cyt and pHcyt were measured by fluorescence microscopy in single leaf mesophyll protoplasts loaded with the fluorescent potassium-binding dye PBFI-AM and the pH-sensitive probe BCECF-AM, respectively. Anoxic treatment caused an efflux of K+ from protoplasts of both plants after a lag-period of 300–450 s. The [K+]cyt decrease was blocked by tetraethylammonium (1 mM, 30 min pre-treatment) suggesting the involvement of plasma membrane voltage-gated K+ channels. The protoplasts of rice (a hypoxia-tolerant plant) reacted upon anoxia with a higher amplitude of the [K+]cyt drop. There was a simultaneous anoxia-dependent cytosolic acidification of protoplasts of both plants. The decrease of pHcyt was slower in wheat (a hypoxia-sensitive plant) while in rice protoplasts it was rapid and partially reversible. Ion fluxes between the roots of intact seedlings and nutrient solutions were monitored by ion-selective electrodes and revealed significant anoxia-induced acidification and potassium leakage that were inhibited by tetraethylammonium. The K+ efflux from rice was more distinct and reversible upon reoxygenation when compared with wheat seedlings.

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Interplay between membrane proteins and membrane protein‐lipid pertaining to plant salinity stress

Dutta

2023

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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High salinity in agricultural lands is one of the predominant issues limiting agricultural yields. Plants have developed several mechanisms to withstand salinity stress, but the mechanisms are not effective enough for most crops to prevent and persist the salinity stress. Plant salt tolerance pathways involve membrane proteins that have a crucial role in sensing and mitigating salinity stress. Due to a strategic location interfacing two distinct cellular environments, membrane proteins can be considered checkpoints to the salt tolerance pathways in plants. Related membrane proteins functions include ion homeostasis, osmosensing or ion sensing, signal transduction, redox homeostasis, and small molecule transport. Therefore, modulating plant membrane proteins' function, expression, and distribution can improve plant salt tolerance. This review discusses the membrane protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions related to plant salinity stress. It will also highlight the finding of membrane protein–lipid interactions from the context of recent structural evidence. Finally, the importance of membrane protein–protein and protein–lipid interaction is discussed, and a future perspective on studying the membrane protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions to develop strategies for improving salinity tolerance is proposed.

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GORK Channel: A Master Switch of Plant Metabolism?

Cited by 89 publications

References 90 publications

Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters

Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters

Potassium Efflux and Cytosol Acidification as Primary Anoxia-Induced Events in Wheat and Rice Seedlings

Interplay between membrane proteins and membrane protein‐lipid pertaining to plant salinity stress

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