Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters

Isayenkov, S. V.; Dabravolski, Siarhei A.; Pan, Ting; Shabala, Sergey

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.573564

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…The NHX1 involved in K + vacuole loading is an example of the CAP1 protein family [ 64 ]. More recently, eight isoforms of NHX proteins have been described that are located in the cell membrane and in diverse organelle membranes, mainly vacuoles and endoplasm, in Arabidopsis, where they allow the interchange of K + from cytosol to organelle with H + from organelles to cytosol [ 65 ]. CHX proteins from the CPA2 family are involved in homeostasis pH regulation through the counter-exchange of K + and H + [ 64 , 66 ].…”

Section: Plant K Uptake Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Sardans

Peñuelas

2021

Plants

195

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Potassium, mostly as a cation (K+), together with calcium (Ca2+) are the most abundant inorganic chemicals in plant cellular media, but they are rarely discussed. K+ is not a component of molecular or macromolecular plant structures, thus it is more difficult to link it to concrete metabolic pathways than nitrogen or phosphorus. Over the last two decades, many studies have reported on the role of K+ in several physiological functions, including controlling cellular growth and wood formation, xylem–phloem water content and movement, nutrient and metabolite transport, and stress responses. In this paper, we present an overview of contemporary findings associating K+ with various plant functions, emphasizing plant-mediated responses to environmental abiotic and biotic shifts and stresses by controlling transmembrane potentials and water, nutrient, and metabolite transport. These essential roles of K+ account for its high concentrations in the most active plant organs, such as leaves, and are consistent with the increasing number of ecological and agricultural studies that report K+ as a key element in the function and structure of terrestrial ecosystems, crop production, and global food security. We synthesized these roles from an integrated perspective, considering the metabolic and physiological functions of individual plants and their complex roles in terrestrial ecosystem functions and food security within the current context of ongoing global change. Thus, we provide a bridge between studies of K+ at the plant and ecological levels to ultimately claim that K+ should be considered at least at a level similar to N and P in terrestrial ecological studies.

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Section: Plant K Uptake Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Sardans

Peñuelas

2021

Plants

195

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“…Therefore, K + and other types of transporters can mediate Na + leaks caused by high salinity and support the unavoidable constant influx of Na + [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Salt-stressed plants need to maintain cytosolic Na + (Cl − ) concentrations at levels that are nontoxic to their cells [ 5 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eukaryotes recruit two main transport systems for the active Na + efflux: cation/H + antiporters (CPAs) and Na + -P-ATPases [ 10 , 11 ]. The CPA antiporters of the plasma membrane are considered to be the primary Na + efflux systems in plant cells [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CPA antiporters of the plasma membrane are considered to be the primary Na + efflux systems in plant cells [ 12 , 13 ]. Only two transport proteins exhibiting Na + (Li + )/H + antiport activities were identified in plants—namely, AtNHX7 (AtSOS1) and AtNHX8 [ 10 , 14 ]. Importantly, many reports suggest that the overexpression or heterologous expression of SOS1-like genes in plants leads to increased salt tolerance [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Plant Na+-P-Type ATPases: From Saline Environments to Land Colonization

Dabravolski

Isayenkov

2021

Plants

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Soil salinity is one of the major factors obstructing the growth and development of agricultural crops. Eukaryotes have two main transport systems involved in active Na+ removal: cation/H+ antiporters and Na+-P-type ATPases. Key transport proteins, Na+/K+-P-ATPases, are widely distributed among the different taxa families of pumps which are responsible for keeping cytosolic Na+ concentrations below toxic levels. Na+/K+-P-ATPases are considered to be absent in flowering plants. The data presented here are a complete inventory of P-type Na+/K+-P-ATPases in the major branches of the plant kingdom. We also attempt to elucidate the evolution of these important membrane pumps in plants in comparison with other organisms. We were able to observe the gradual replacement of the Na+-binding site to the Ca2+-binding site, starting with cyanobacteria and moving to modern land plants. Our results show that the α-subunit likely evolved from one common ancestor to bacteria, fungi, plants, and mammals, whereas the β-subunit did not evolve in green algae. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest the significant differences in the domain architecture and subunit composition of plant Na+/K+-P-ATPases depending on plant taxa and the salinity of the environment. The obtained data clarified and broadened the current views on the evolution of Na+/K+-P-ATPases. The results of this work would be helpful for further research on P-type ATPase functionality and physiological roles.

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“…Na + and Cl − ions are themselves the important contributors to the cellular osmotic potential [7]. Because they are toxic if not compartmentalized, these ions have to be sequestrated into vacuoles or endosomal compartments by ion exchangers and the H + pumps localized to the tonoplast or endosomal membranes [8]. Organic osmolytic solutes, such as sugars, sugar alcohols, and proline, accumulate in the cytoplasm of halophytic species to balance the osmotic potential of Na + and Cl − , contained in the vacuole, and to maintain the physiological functions of the cell [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation Strategies of Halophytic Barley Hordeum marinum ssp. marinum to High Salinity and Osmotic Stress

Isayenkov

Hilo

Rizzo

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The adaptation strategies of halophytic seaside barley Hordeum marinum to high salinity and osmotic stress were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, as well as ionomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic approaches. When compared with cultivated barley, seaside barley exhibited a better plant growth rate, higher relative plant water content, lower osmotic pressure, and sustained photosynthetic activity under high salinity, but not under osmotic stress. As seaside barley is capable of controlling Na+ and Cl− concentrations in leaves at high salinity, the roots appear to play the central role in salinity adaptation, ensured by the development of thinner and likely lignified roots, as well as fine-tuning of membrane transport for effective management of restriction of ion entry and sequestration, accumulation of osmolytes, and minimization of energy costs. By contrast, more resources and energy are required to overcome the consequences of osmotic stress, particularly the severity of reactive oxygen species production and nutritional disbalance which affect plant growth. Our results have identified specific mechanisms for adaptation to salinity in seaside barley which differ from those activated in response to osmotic stress. Increased knowledge around salt tolerance in halophytic wild relatives will provide a basis for improved breeding of salt-tolerant crops.

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Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters

Cited by 49 publications

References 154 publications

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Evolution of Plant Na+-P-Type ATPases: From Saline Environments to Land Colonization

Adaptation Strategies of Halophytic Barley Hordeum marinum ssp. marinum to High Salinity and Osmotic Stress

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