Gold nanoparticles: recent aspects for human toxicology

Gerber, A.; Bundschuh, M.; Klingelhöfer, Doris; Groneberg, David A.

doi:10.1186/1745-6673-8-32

Cited by 145 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The side-effects of gold therapy, such as hypersensitivity reactions, enterocolitis and nephrotoxicity, are rarely reported. However, there is some risk of developing immunosuppression due to a long-lasting gold treatment (Sung et al 2011, Thakor et al 2011, Gerber et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The splenocyte proliferative response and cytokine secretion in mice after oral administration of commercial gold nanocolloid

Małaczewska¹

2015

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, gold nanoparticles find numerous biomedical applications. Experiments on rodents prove that the main target organs of gold nanoparticles entering an organism are the liver and spleen, whose reticuloendothelial system removes foreign particles from the bloodstream. Through interactions with resident tissue macrophages, nanoparticles can evoke a systemic immunological response.The aim of this study has been to determine the effect of oral administration of commercial gold nanocolloid, recommended by the producer inter alia as a dietary supplement, on the proliferative activity and cytokine secretion by murine splenocytes. The colloid was given to the animals in three different doses (0.25, 2.5, 25 ppm), for three different time periods (7, 14, 28 days). The influence of nanogold on splenocyte functions was time-dependent and the various doses were distinguished by distinct modes of action. The lowest dose had a pro-inflammatory or immunostimulating effect, enhancing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). The effect of the highest dose can be considered as a pro-inflammatory, or immunotoxic one, because the stimulated cytokine synthesis was accompanied by a drastic decline in the proliferative activity of lymphocytes. The medium dose, while inhibiting the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines of macrophages, simultaneously stimulated the proliferation of lymphocytes. All the doses also modulated the synthesis of IL-2, which may implicate their effect on the immunoregulatory mechanisms of an organism. The effect of alimentary administration of gold nanocolloid on the immune system seems to be difficult to predict, hence a risk that this type of dietary supplements might have some adverse impact on the immunity cannot be excluded, especially after their chronic administration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The splenocyte proliferative response and cytokine secretion in mice after oral administration of commercial gold nanocolloid

Małaczewska¹

2015

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…However, it should be noted that AuNPs are currently not approved for human use and the knowledge about the potential short-and long-term toxicological effects after AuNP exposure is still limited. [ 36 ] The developed nanogel presented in this article is the fi rst liquid fi ducial marker, which can be inserted using thin and fl exible needles and with a high enough contrast to make it visible in 2D X-ray imaging, which is an important feature for use in IGRT. Furthermore, active pharmaceutical ingredients may be included in the nanogel formulation to improve the therapeutic benefi t for the patient, and the AuNPs may enhance the effect of the radiation therapy if the gel is injected directly into tumors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injectable Colloidal Gold for Use in Intrafractional 2D Image‐Guided Radiation Therapy

Jølck

Rydhög

Christensen

et al. 2015

Adv Healthcare Materials

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In the western world, approximately 50% of all cancer patients receive radiotherapy alone or in combination with surgery or chemotherapy. Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) has in recent years been introduced to enhance precision of the delivery of radiation dose to tumor tissue. Fiducial markers are often inserted inside the tumor to improve IGRT precision and to enable monitoring of the tumor position during radiation therapy. In the present article, a liquid fi ducial tissue marker is presented, which can be injected into tumor tissue using thin and fl exible needles. The liquid fi ducial has high radioopacity, which allows for marker-based image guidance in 2D and 3D X-ray imaging during radiation therapy. This is achieved by surface-engineering gold nanoparticles to be highly compatible with a carbohydrate-based gelation matrix. The new fi ducial marker is investigated in mice where they are highly biocompatible and stable after implantation. To investigate the clinical potential, a study is conducted in a canine cancer patient with spontaneous developed solid tumor in which the marker is successfully injected and used to align and image-guide radiation treatment of the canine patient. It is concluded that the new fi ducial marker has highly interesting properties that warrant investigations in cancer patients.

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“…The cell/NPs interaction necessitates a precise health risk assessment of NPs effect on cells. However, most of the studies focused on the evaluating the cellular cytotoxic effect of GNPs [3][4][5] and few studies depicting the potential genetic alterations (genotoxicity) that can be caused by Au-NPs [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assessment of GNPs genotoxicity depends on several factors that can influence the toxicological responses: a. GNPs physio-chemical characteristic (shape, size, and surface charge, b. the type of the stabilizing coating agent, c. the dose and the incubation time, d. the type of cells applied to, and e. the type of assays used for assessment [4,5,9]. For all of these factors, conflicting results about the genotoxic effect of GNPs were raised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Genotoxicity of Gold Nanorods in Mouse Bone Marrow Compared with Cyclophosphamide

Gamal‐Eldeen¹,

Abo-Zeid²,

El‐Daly³

et al. 2016

Nano BioMed ENG

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Gold nanorods (GNRs) are now under extensive investigation for biomedical applications. The in vivo genotoxic profile GNRs are not elucidated yet, therefore we investigated it in comparison with one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents, cyclophosphamide (CP), in a mice model. PEGylatedGNRs (50 nm) were injected to Balb/C mice triple times, while CP-treated mice were treated once and the bone marrow cells (BMCs) were collected after 21 days. Chromosome aberrations, mitotic index, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), replicative index, micronucleus (MN) and DNA damage using comet assay were investigated. GNRs induced chromosome aberrations including-and excluding-gaps significantly at p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively, however CP resulted in a higher significant increase in both types with p < 0.001. The percentage of SCEs/cell was not affected by GNRs treatment, while it was extremely significant with CP. Both mitotic activity and proliferative index were reduced dramatically with both of GNRs and CP. The recorded MN were lower in GNRsthan CP-treated mice. The percentage DNA damage, tail length and tail moment were higher in CP than GNRs. In conclusion, CP induced extreme genotoxicity more than GNRs. Both of GNRs and CP induced DNA damage. The study indicated the advantage of lower GNRs genotoxicity than that of CP. After 21 days, one injection of CP led to extreme persistent genotoxic effect more than that of multiple injections of GNRs.

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Gold nanoparticles: recent aspects for human toxicology

Cited by 145 publications

References 25 publications

The splenocyte proliferative response and cytokine secretion in mice after oral administration of commercial gold nanocolloid

The splenocyte proliferative response and cytokine secretion in mice after oral administration of commercial gold nanocolloid

Injectable Colloidal Gold for Use in Intrafractional 2D Image‐Guided Radiation Therapy

In Vivo Genotoxicity of Gold Nanorods in Mouse Bone Marrow Compared with Cyclophosphamide

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