GmPGL1, a Thiamine Thiazole Synthase, Is Required for the Biosynthesis of Thiamine in Soybean

Abstract

Thiamine is an essential cofactor in several enzymatic reactions for all living organisms. Animals cannot synthesize thiamine and depend on their diet. Enhancing the content of thiamine is one of the most important goals of plant breeding to solve the thiamine deficiency associated with the low-thiamin staple crops. In this study, a Glycine max pale green leaf 1 (Gmpgl1) mutant was isolated from the EMS mutagenized population of soybean cultivar, Williams 82. Map-based cloning of the GmPGL1 locus revealed a single nucleotide deletion at the 292th nucleotide residue of the first exon of Glyma.10g251500 gene in Gmpgl1 mutant plant, encoding a thiamine thiazole synthase. Total thiamine contents decreased in both seedlings and seeds of the Gmpgl1 mutant. Exogenous application of thiazole restored the pale green leaf phenotype of the mutant. The deficiency of thiamine in Gmpgl1 mutant led to reduced activities of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), and decreased contents of six amino acids as compared to that in the wild type plants. These results revealed that GmPGL1 played an essential role in thiamine thiazole biosynthesis.

GmNAP1 is essential for trichome and leaf epidermal cell development in soybean

“…Sixteen leaf surface related mutants were obtained from EMS mutant population in our laboratory as previous described (Feng et al 2019 ; Gao et al 2017 ). Nine of them with hair color change, five of them with glabrous leaf, and two of them with more hair.…”

“…Seeds of soybean ( Glycine max ) cultivars Williams 82 and ‘Hedou 12’ were obtained from Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences, respectively. Glycine max distorted trichome mutant 1–1 and 1–2 ( Gmdtm1-1 and Gmdtm1-2 ) were identified from an ethyl methylsulfonate (EMS) mutagenized population of Williams 82 (Feng et al 2019 ). The plant heights were measured at R8 stage; the seed number per plant, weight of hundred seeds, seed area and seed perimeter was measured after harvesting.…”

“…Paired-end sequencing libraries with an insert size of approximately 350 bp were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq X Ten sequencer (Illumina, USA) at Novogene Biotech Company (Beijing, China). Bulked segregant analysis was performed as our previously work (Feng et al 2019 ). Sequences were deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) with the accession number SRP149317.…”

A Robust and Rapid Candidate Gene Mapping Pipeline Based on M2 Populations

“…In our study, we observed that the use of ADSI allowed us to detect the target genomic regions for all 10 causal mutations as opposed to only five, when the DSI values were used to map the target genomic regions (Figure 3; Supplementary Figure S3). The M2-seq method has been Frontiers in Plant Science | www.frontiersin.org successfully applied in identifying soybean genes (Figure 5; Supplementary Figure S5; Feng et al, 2019). As opposed to many selfing generation required in previously reported WGS-BSA methods, such as Mutmap and Mutmap+, the M2-seq method can identify genes just in M 2 generation.…”

“…The total pigment contents including chlorophyll and carotenoid in leaves of the mutant were less than that of the wild type. The content of thiamine in unifoliate leaves of the 8-day-old mutant seedlings was only 74.6% of that in wild type (Feng et al, 2019). The causal variant of Mut07 was mapped to a 7 Mb region on Chromosome 10 (Supplementary Figure S5).…”