Gluten Sensitivity Presenting as a Neuropsychiatric Disorder

Genuis, Stephen J.; Lobo, Rebecca

doi:10.1155/2014/293206

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In 2014, Genuis and Lobo [37] reported on a patient who, around the age of 4 or 5 years, began to experience recurrent gastrointestinal problems, as well as the onset of frequent visual and auditory hallucinations. These experiences occurred on a nearly daily basis and were 'just a part of (her) life'.…”

Section: Ncgs and Other Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When reexposed to gluten, relapse consistently occurred within 3-5 h and would result in significant disorientation and departure from reality. At the follow-up visit (more than 12 months of treatment with the GFD), she had no further exposure to gluten and was symptom free with no intestinal or neuropsychiatric complaints [37] .…”

Section: Ncgs and Other Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gluten Sensitivity

Catassi¹

2015

Ann Nutr Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome characterized by intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in subjects who are not affected by either celiac disease (CD) or wheat allergy (WA). The prevalence of NCGS is not clearly defined yet. Indirect evidence suggests that NCGS is slightly more common than CD, the latter affecting around 1% of the general population. NCGS has been mostly described in adults, particularly in females in the age group of 30-50 years; however, pediatric case series have also been reported. Since NCGS may be transient, gluten tolerance needs to be reassessed over time in patients with NCGS. NCGS is characterized by symptoms that usually occur soon after gluten ingestion, disappear with gluten withdrawal, and relapse following gluten challenge within hours/days. The ‘classical' presentation of NCGS is a combination of irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms, including abdominal pain, bloating, bowel habit abnormalities (either diarrhea or constipation), and systemic manifestations such as ‘foggy mind', headache, fatigue, joint and muscle pain, leg or arm numbness, dermatitis (eczema or skin rash), depression, and anemia. In recent years, several studies explored the relationship between the ingestion of gluten-containing food and the appearance of neurological and psychiatric disorders/symptoms like ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, schizophrenia, autism, depression, anxiety, and hallucinations (so-called gluten psychosis). The diagnosis of NCGS should be considered in patients with persistent intestinal and/or extraintestinal complaints showing a normal result of the CD and WA serological markers on a gluten-containing diet, usually reporting worsening of symptoms after eating gluten-rich food. NCGS should not be an exclusion diagnosis only. Unfortunately, no biomarker is sensitive and specific enough for diagnostic purposes; therefore, the diagnosis of NCGS is currently based on establishing a clear-cut cause-effect relationship between the ingestion of gluten and the appearance of symptoms by a standardized double-blind, placebo-controlled gluten challenge.

show abstract

Section: Ncgs and Other Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ncgs and Other Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten Sensitivity

Catassi¹

2015

Ann Nutr Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The way in which they affect the visual and auditory centers is consistent with their abnormal functioning in schizophrenia (hallucinations) [96]. Therefore, not accidental seems a description of an adult patient who had suffered from auditory and visual hallucinations from childhood until the withdrawal of gluten products from his diet [98].…”

Section: Exorphinsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Sposób w jaki wpływają na ośrodki wzrokowe i słuchowe jest spójny z ich nieprawidłowym funkcjonowaniem w schizofrenii (halucynacje) [96]. W związku z powyższym, nieprzypadkowy wydaje się opis dorosłego pacjenta, który cierpiał z powodu halucynacji wzrokowych i słuchowych od dzieciństwa, aż do momentu wycofania z jego diety produktów glutenowych [98].…”

Section: Egzorfinyunclassified

Review paper. Gluten-related disorders and schizophrenia - potential linking mechanisms, diagnostic and therapeutic challenge

Tomaka

Karakuła-Juchnowicz

Morylowska-Topolska

et al. 2017

Current Problems of Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More and more evidence confirms the theory that the intake of cereal products containing gluten may play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. There are also premises indicating the relationship between the so-called gluten-related diseases and the development and course of mental disorders, including schizophrenia.The aim of this article is to review the literature on the potential relationship between the consumption of gluten and schizophrenia, considering the etiopathogenesis and the role of gluten-free diet in the treatment of schizophrenia.Methods: There were analysed available research papers in PubMed and Google Scholar with the key words: schizophrenia, gluten-related disorders, allergy to grain products, celiac disease, microbiota, immune system, exorphins and time span: 1960-2016 .Conclusions: Existing research results indicate a possible relationship between diet rich in grain products with high gluten content and the occurrence or exacerbation of schizophrenia symptoms. However, further studies are necessary to: 1) identify groups of patients for whom the consumption of cereal products (gluten) is associated with a particular risk of schizophrenia exacerbation, 2) determine the mechanisms relating the consumption of gluten with the mental state of schizophrenic patients, 3) get the possible benefits of implementing gluten-free diet in patients with schizophrenia.Keywords: schizophrenia, gluten, celiac disease, gluten-related disorders, allergy to gluten. StreszczeniePrzybywa dowodów na to, iż w patogenezie wielu chorób istotną rolę może odgrywać spożywanie produktów zbożowych zawierających gluten. Istnieją także przesłanki wskazujące na związek tzw. chorób glutenozależnych z powstawaniem i przebiegiem zaburzeń psychicznych, w tym schizofrenii.Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przegląd literatury na temat potencjalnego związku pomiędzy spożyciem glutenu a schizofrenią, z uwzględnieniem etiopatogenezy oraz roli diety bezglutenowej w terapii schizofrenii.Metoda: Analizie poddano dostępne artykuły z bazy PubMed oraz Google Scholar przy użyciu słów-kluczy: schizofrenia, nadwrażliwość na gluten, alergia na produkty zbożowe, celiakia, mikrobiota, układ immunologiczny, egzorfiny oraz deskryptorów czasowych: 1960-2016 rok.Wnioski: Dotychczasowe wyniki badań wskazują na możliwy związek diety bogatej w produkty zbożowe z dużą zawartością glutenu na występowanie lub zaostrzanie objawów schizofrenii. Konieczne są jednak dalsze badania celem: 1) identyfikacji grup pacjentów, dla których spożywanie produktów zbożowych (glutenu) wiąże się ze szczególnym ryzykiem pogorszenia przebiegu schizofrenii, 2) ustalenia mechanizmów łączących spożywanie glutenu ze stanem psychicznym pacjentów ze schizofrenią, 3) możliwych korzyści z wdrożenia diety bezglutenowej u pacjentów ze schizofrenią.

show abstract

“…More recently, a case report involving NCGS patients with gluten psychosis was reported [21]. The molecular mechanisms underlying ASD/psychosis vs. dietary gluten relationship are highly complex and understudied [22,23]. Therefore, a transition from the "clinical phenomena" to "basic research" type of studies is needed.…”

Section: Dietary Gluten and Neurodevelopmental Disease Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Hallmarks of Celiac Versus Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity

Mohan¹,

Sestak²

2017

Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is an intestinal tissue transglutaminase (TG2)-and IgE-independent form of GS. NCGS is approximately 6× more prevalent than the classical celiac disease (CD), and its incidence is on the rise. Because of its high relative prevalence and striking resemblance to other forms of GS, there is a greater need to develop new and accurate diagnostic assays to facilitate its deinitive diagnosis. As the presence of serum anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA) in the absence of TG2 antibodies is suggestive of NCGS, several reports have recommended AGA immunoassays for diferential diagnosis. Although AGA immunoassays are in general suitable for diagnostic purpose, to corroborate NCGS and to distinguish it from CD, a simultaneous use of CD-speciic diagnostics, i.e., TG2 antibody-based assay, is also required. Due to lower accuracy of AGA assays than those of TG2-based ones, there will always be a chance (estimated to 5-10%) of misdiagnosing NCGS. Moreover, AGA-based diagnostics would not take into consideration the fact that NCGS is potentially triggered by not only gluten but also other molecules such as fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs). Therefore, a second generation of assays needs to be developed to diferentiate NCGS from CD with high accuracy.

show abstract

Gluten Sensitivity Presenting as a Neuropsychiatric Disorder

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Gluten Sensitivity

Gluten Sensitivity

Review paper. Gluten-related disorders and schizophrenia - potential linking mechanisms, diagnostic and therapeutic challenge

Differential Hallmarks of Celiac Versus Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About