Glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry as a detector in gas chromatography for mercury speciation

Abstract

cost. The 40 ml min−1 optimum gas flow rate found for the proposed system is of the same order, and even compares Paper 8/01608I favourably, as those reported for better established selective

Determination of methylmercury in fish tissues by isotope dilution SPME-GC-ICP-MS

“…The most frequently used procedures for the extraction of mercury species from solid samples are based on alkaline [2][3][4][5][6] and acidic leaching, 7,8 aqueous distillation, [9][10][11][12][13] supercritical fluid extraction 14 and microwave-assisted extraction. [15][16][17] Grignard reagents, [18][19][20][21] sodium tetraethylborate (NaBEt 4 ), 17,[22][23][24][25][26] sodium tetrapropylborate (NaBPr 4 ) 18,27 and sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh 4 ) [28][29][30][31][32][33] have been used for efficient derivatization. Gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis or liquid chromatography are commonly used separation techniques for MMHg speciation in combination with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), 3,[34][35][36] electron-capture detection (GC-ECD), 37 atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), 16,22 ion trap mass spectrometry, 30,31 inductively coupled plasma and microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES, MIP-AES) …”

Speciation of mercury, tin, and lead compounds by gas chromatography with microwave-induced plasma and atomic-emission detection (GC–MIP–AED)

“…Recently, the analytical potential of capillary GC with radiofrequency (rf) and direct current (dc) glow discharges (GD) and AED has been investigated for quantification of low levels of MeHg, ethylmercury (EtHg) and inorganic mercury (Hg 2+ ) in fish tissues [22]. Both dc-GD-AED and rf-GD-AED performed at a level similar to that of more common AED methods.…”

“…These species are highly toxic at low concentrations and are easily bioaccumulated; some are regarded as endocrine system disrupters. In environ- GC-MIP-AED 2000 [43] (1) Ethylation (NaBEt 4 ) MeHg, Me 2 Hg, Hg 2+ ; water, soil, sediment (2) Hydride generation (NaBH 4 )+preconcentration on Chromosorb and thermal desorption <1 ng L -1 -PTI-GC-MIP-AED 1999 [49] (1) Direct SPME (1) 144 pg mL - DORM-2, DOLT-2 GC-rf-GD-AED, GC-dc-GD-AED 1998 [22] (1) 0. -PTI-GC-MIP-AED 1996 [71] MeHg; sediment (1) SFE (2) distillation (KCl-H 2 SO 4 ) 0.1 ng g -1 PACS-1 GC-MIP-AED 1996 [29] MeHg; marine tissues Extraction (Cu powder+CuSO 4 [18] mental samples they are normally present in polar species, making their conversion to compounds that are less polar and thermally stable a pre-requisite for gas chromatographic separation [7].…”

Comparison of different derivatization approaches for mercury speciation in biological tissues by gas chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

“…Grignard derivatizations are usually preceded by a liquid-liquid extraction step frequently accomplished by chelation of the ionic mercury species and extraction of the neutral complex into a non-polar solvent. 12 This results in a rather error-prone and time-consuming methodology.…”