Global dynamics of a controlled discontinuous diffusive SIR epidemic system

Li, Wenjie; Ji, Jinchen; Huang, Lihong; Guo, Zhenyuan

doi:10.1016/j.aml.2021.107420

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…According to our team's previous research [12,41] , C18:3) as unsaturated methyl esters. Where Cm:n is the shorthand of fatty acid methyl ester, m is the number of carbon atoms in fatty acid group, n is the number of double bonds.…”

Section: Fuel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the biodiesel produced by animal and vegetable oil in ester exchange reactions, not only has the equivalent petroleum diesel combustion, but also has environmentally-friendly, renewable [9], and other positive features, making it one of the ideal diesel fuels to substitute petroleum [10]. Biodiesel is a clean energy source and is considered as the most viable replacement of fossil fuels due to its biodegradable nature [11], low emissions, carbon neutrality, and nontoxicity [12]. Thus, it was defined as an "environmentally friendly fuel" [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Different Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine

et al. 2021

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In this paper, biodiesel was used as an alternative fuel to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke diesel engine, in terms of cylinder pressure, heat release rate, cylinder temperature, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, nitrogen oxide, soot, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon. Firstly, a diesel engine cylinder model was developed by AVL-Fire software coupled with CHEMKIN code to simulate the injection and combustion of biodiesel with a kinetic mechanism with 106 species and 263 reactions. Then, the simulation model was validated by experimental results under 100% and 50% load conditions and used to simulate the combustion process of a diesel engine fueled with pure diesel, biodiesel, and biodiesel–diesel blends with 10%, 20%, 30% biodiesel by volume, respectively. The results showed that the brake specific fuel consumption increased with the increase of mixed biodiesel ratio. The brake specific fuel consumptions of B10, B20 and B30 increased by 1.1%, 2.3% and 3.3%, respectively, compared with that of D100. The combustion and emission characteristics of the diesel engine are improved. Therefore, biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel for the diesel engine. The diesel–biodiesel fuel can improve the combustion and emission characteristics of the diesel engine.

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Section: Fuel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine

et al. 2021

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show abstract

“…With the increasing energy crisis [46][47][48][49][50] and environmental pollution [51][52][53][54][55][56], the development of a diesel engine is also facing challenges. Nowadays, looking for clean energy and improving the engine to reduce the harm exhaust have become the research focus [57][58][59][60]. In this work, a CFD model was developed and verified in AVL-Fire environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Diesel-Ethanol Dual Fuel Ratio on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2021

Processes

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In this paper, a four-stroke engine diesel was employed to investigate the effects of different fuel mixture ratios of diesel and ethanol on engine performance and emission characteristics in terms of cylinder temperature, heat release rate, brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, and cylinder pressure. The corresponding simulation model of diesel engine was developed by AVL-Fire coupled CHEMKIN code, and an improved chemical kinetics mechanism containing 34 reactions and 19 species was employed to simulate the fuel spray process and combustion process. The simulation model was validated by experimental results under 100% and 50% load conditions and used to simulate the combustion process of diesel engine fueled with pure diesel and diesel–ethanol blends with 10%, 20%, and 30% ethanol by volume, respectively. The results showed that the increase of ethanol content in the blended fuel had a certain negative impact on the performance characteristic of diesel engine and significantly improved the emission characteristic of the engine. With the ethanol proportion in the blended fuel increased to 10%, 20%, and 30%, the brake thermal efficiency of the engine increased by 2.24%, 4.33%, and 6.37% respectively. However, the brake-specific fuel consumption increased by 1.56%, 3.49%, and 5.74% and the power decreased by 1.58%, 3.46%, and 5.54% respectively. In addition, with the ethanol proportion in the blended fuel increased to 10%, 20%, and 30%, the carbon monoxide emission decreased by 34.69%, 47.60%, and 56.58%, and the soot emission decreased by 7.83%, 15.24%, and 22.52% respectively. Finally, based on the combining fuzzy and grey correlation theory, nitrogen oxide emission has the highest correlation with engine power and brake-specific fuel consumption. The values reach 0.9103 and 0.8945 respectively. It shows that nitrogen oxide emission and cylinder pressure have a significant relationship on engine power and brake-specific fuel consumption.

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“…Nowadays, with the rapid developments of the economy and industrial automation, the shortage of resources (such as non-renewable energy, oil [53], and coal [54]) and environmental pollution (air pollution [55] and human health [56]) are becoming more and more serious [57]. How to effectively control energy shortage [58][59][60][61][62][63] and engine emission reduction [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] are the main areas of interest for researchers today. In this paper, an improved model was developed using AVL-BOOST software and employed to investigate the effects of methanol-diesel with different methanol ratios (DM0, DM10, DM20, DM30, and DM40) on engine combustion and emission characteristics at different speeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Mixture Ratios of Methanol-Diesel on the Performance Enhancement and Emission Reduction for a Diesel Engine

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2021

Processes

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To improve the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engines, methanol-diesel fuels with different mixing ratios (DM0, DM10, DM20, DM30, and DM40) were used to investigate the effects of methanol addition on the combustion and emission of a four-stroke diesel engine in terms of cylinder pressure, brake power, brake-specific fuel consumption, and nitrogen oxides, soot, and carbon monoxide emissions. Firstly, an improved entire diesel engine model was developed using AVL-BOOST software and validated by the experimental results. The results showed that the increase of methanol content in the fuel mixture had a negative impact on the performance characteristic of the diesel engine, but significantly improved the emission characteristic of the diesel engine. With the methanol ratio in the mixed fuel increased to 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, the cylinder pressure of the engine increased by 0.89%, 1.48%, 2.29%, and 3.17%, respectively. However, the power decreased by 3.76%, 6.74%, 11.35%, and 15.45%, the torque decreased by 3.76%, 6.74%, 11.35%, and 15.45%, respectively, and the brake specific fuel consumption increased by 3.77%, 6.92%, 12.33%, and 17.61%, respectively. In addition, with the methanol ratio in the mixed fuel increased to 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, the carbon monoxide emission decreased by 21.32%, 39.04%, 49.81%, and 56.59% and the soot emission decreased by 0.25%, 8.69%, 16.81%, and 25.28%, respectively. Therefore, the addition of methanol to the fuel can improve the combustion and emission characteristics of the engine.

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Global dynamics of a controlled discontinuous diffusive SIR epidemic system

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Different Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine

Effects of Different Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine

Effects of Different Diesel-Ethanol Dual Fuel Ratio on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine

Effects of Different Mixture Ratios of Methanol-Diesel on the Performance Enhancement and Emission Reduction for a Diesel Engine

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