Global current measurements in rivers by spaceborne along-track InSAR

Romeiser, Roland; Sprenger, Johanna; Stammer, Detlef; Runge, Hartmut; Suchandt, Steffen

doi:10.1109/igarss.2005.1526106

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The only spaceborne measurement of river velocity has been derived from interferometric processing of SRTM's X band SAR data [ Romeiser et al , 2005]. The approach of Romeiser et al relies on the short along‐track offset of 7 m between the two X band antennae, a useful coincidence due to SRTM's payload configuration.…”

Section: Summary Of Existing Spaceborne Methods For Measuring Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring surface water from space

Alsdorf¹,

Rodríguez²,

Lettenmaier³

2007

Reviews of Geophysics

820

642

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Surface fresh water is essential for life, yet we have surprisingly poor knowledge of the spatial and temporal dynamics of surface freshwater discharge and changes in storage globally. For example, we are unable to answer such basic questions as “What is the spatial and temporal variability of water stored on and near the surface of all continents?” Furthermore, key societal issues, such as the susceptibility of life to flood hazards, cannot be answered with the current global, in situ networks designed to observe river discharge at points but not flood events. The measurements required to answer these hydrologic questions are surface water area, the elevation of the water surface (h), its slope (∂h/∂x), and temporal change (∂h/∂t). Advances in remote sensing hydrology, particularly over the past 10 years and even more recently, have demonstrated that these hydraulic variables can be measured reliably from orbiting platforms. Measurements of inundated area have been used to varying degrees of accuracy as proxies for discharge but are successful only when in situ data are available for calibration; they fail to indicate the dynamic topography of water surfaces. Radar altimeters have a rich, multidecadal history of successfully measuring elevations of the ocean surface and are now also accepted as capable tools for measuring h along orbital profiles crossing freshwater bodies. However, altimeters are profiling tools, which, because of their orbital spacings, miss too many freshwater bodies to be useful hydrologically. High spatial resolution images of ∂h/∂t have been observed with interferometric synthetic aperture radar, but the method requires emergent vegetation to scatter radar pulses back to the receiving antenna. Essentially, existing spaceborne methods have been used to measure components of surface water hydraulics, but none of the technologies can singularly supply the water volume and hydraulic measurements that are needed to accurately model the water cycle and to guide water management practices. Instead, a combined imaging and elevation‐measuring approach is ideal as demonstrated by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), which collected images of h at a high spatial resolution (∼90 m) thus permitting the calculation of ∂h/∂x. We suggest that a future satellite concept, the Water and Terrestrial Elevation Recovery mission, will improve upon the SRTM design to permit multitemporal mappings of h across the world's wetlands, floodplains, lakes, reservoirs, and rivers.

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Section: Summary Of Existing Spaceborne Methods For Measuring Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring surface water from space

Alsdorf¹,

Rodríguez²,

Lettenmaier³

2007

Reviews of Geophysics

820

642

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A thorough review of various approaches to determine discharge from space is provided in [1], which has recently been revisited and updated in [28]. For example, discharge can be estimated from the fluvial surface velocity of rivers using airborne data (e.g., [7]) or spaceborne data [26]. Discharge can also be determined by regression analysis of spaceborne measurement of river width or inundated area with in situ discharge data (e.g., [31]) or with estimated shoreline elevation (e.g., [5]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Geophysical Sources of Uncertainty for Satellite Interferometric (SRTM)-Based Discharge Estimation in River Deltas: The Case for Bangladesh

Sikder

Hossain

2015

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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Like most river deltas, Bangladesh represents a geo-1939-1404 . He has published over 100 peer-reviewed journal articles, authored an undergraduatelevel textbook, edited two book volumes, and contributed eight book chapters. His research interests include hydrologic remote sensing, uncertainty modeling of water cycle variables, human modification of extreme hydro-climatology, sustainable water resources engineering, spaceborne transboundary water resources management, engineering education, and public outreach. Dr. Hossain is also a recipient of awards such as NASA New Investigator Award in

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“…Along track interferometric SAR methods are well known for producing estimates of near shore oceanic wave velocities [e.g., Goldstein and Zebker, 1987;Goldstein et al, 1989] and more recently for river flow velocities [Bjerklie et al, 2005]. An intriguing early result by Romeiser et al [2005] uses the SRTM X-band interferometric phase and shows the first ever spaceborne estimate of river velocity. Essentially, the across and along track offsets yield an interferometric phase value that contains both an elevation measurement and a surface velocity, respectively.…”

Section: Srtm C-and X-band Dem Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Capability of SRTM C- and X-band DEM Data to Measure Water Elevations in Ohio and the Amazon

Kiel¹,

Alsdorf²,

Lefavour³

2006

photogramm eng remote sensing

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I analyze Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) water surface elevation data to assess the capacity of interferometric radar for future surface water missions. Elevations from three Ohio reservoirs and several Amazon floodplain lakes have standard deviations, interpreted as errors, that are smaller in C-band compared to X-band and are smaller in Ohio than in the Amazon. These trends are also evident when comparing water surface elevations from the Muskingum River in Ohio with those of the Amazon River. Differences are attributed to increased averaging in C-band compared to X-band, greater sensitivity to surface water motion in X-band, and generally larger off-nadir look angles in X-band. Absolute water surface elevations are greater in the C-band DEM for much of the two study areas and yield expected slope values. Height and slope differences are attributed to differing usage of geoids and ellipsoids. These SRTM measurements suggest the great possibility for space-based, laterallyspatial (2D) measurements of water surface elevations.ii

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Global current measurements in rivers by spaceborne along-track InSAR

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Measuring surface water from space

Measuring surface water from space

Understanding the Geophysical Sources of Uncertainty for Satellite Interferometric (SRTM)-Based Discharge Estimation in River Deltas: The Case for Bangladesh

Capability of SRTM C- and X-band DEM Data to Measure Water Elevations in Ohio and the Amazon

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