Glandular trichomes that mediate resistance to green peach aphid in tomato genotypes from the cross between <i>S. galapagense</i> and <i>S. lycopersicum

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify the resistance of tomato genotypes (crossed with Solanum galapagense) to the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, and the association of this resistance with glandular trichomes. Leaf trichomes were quantified for seven F2 genotypes of the BPX-486 population derived from crossing S. lycopersicum ‘TOM-684’ and S. galapagense accession ‘LA-1401’, for the commercial controls ‘TOM-584’ and ‘Santa Clara’, and for the accession ‘LA-1401’. After this evaluation, the genotypes were subjected to two nonpreference resistance tests of the green peach aphid in the laboratory, one with choice and the other without choice. Five genotypes (BPX-486-17, BPX-486-62, BPX-486-10, BPX-486-46, and BPX-486-08) and the accession LA-1401 exhibited a high density of type IV glandular trichomes and a lower mean number of nymphs and adults of M. persicae than two genotypes (BPX-486-313 and BPX-486-383) and the controls with a low density of glandular trichomes, in all the evaluations of both tests. Significant negative correlations between the density of type IV glandular trichomes of the tomato genotypes and the preference of M. persicae were found, which confirms the association between this type of glandular trichome and resistance to M. persicae in tomato genotypes.

Salicylic acid treatments induce resistance to Tuta absoluta and Tetranychus urticae on tomato plants

“…Most genes related to immune responses and defense metabolites production were lost throughout the process of domestication and breeding of crop plants. While the wild tomato has a large number of glandular trichomes, this number is very low in commercial genotypes (Lima et al, 2015;Silva et al, 2019). Thus, cultivated tomato requires other defense strategies against herbivorous attacks, such as hormonemediated defense induction.…”

Nymphal Performance and Fecundity of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Different Sorghum Genotypes

“…The colonization of aphids on host plants can be influenced by several chemical and morphological causes, as already reported for crops such as collard greens, where the content of glucosinolates, amount of wax on the leaf cuticle, and leaf hardness are determinant factors of resistance against Brevycorine brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) [17]. In tomato plants, the presence of glandular trichomes and the high contents of acyl sugars or 2-tridecanone is directly related to the failure of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) colonization [21], while in cotton, the gossypol content and the pilosity of the structures directly influences the infestation of Aphys gossipii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and feeding of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the different genotypes [22,23]. In sorghum, several morphological and biochemical factors contribute to the difficulty of M. sacchari colonization, such as leaf quantity, small and narrow leaves, leaf curvature, greater distance between two leaves [24], presence of epicuticular wax [24] (morphological), nitrogen and chlorophyll levels [24], high phydroxybenzaldehyde contents (biochemical) and the genetic bases [25].…”

Leaf trichome diversity, acylsugar concentration, and their relationships to leaf area inSolanum galapagense

“…As this species can easily hybridize with cultivated tomatoes (Rick, 1961) it has been used as donors for stress tolerance genes, which could be transferred into commercial varieties by introgression breeding (Zamir, 2001). For example, VI037339 (LA1401) and VI007099 accessions have already been utilized as donors of high trichome IV density into modern cultivated tomato cultivars through interspecific crosses (Andrade et al ., 2017; Rakha et al ., 2017b; da Silva et al ., 2019; Vendemiatti et al ., 2021). However, in this study, these accessions were not among those with the highest trichome type IV density and acylsugar concentration.…”