Glacial ocean circulation and property changes in the North Pacific

Abrupt changes of intermediate water properties on the northeastern slope of the Bering Sea during the last glacial and deglacial period

“…Our results are also consistent with the hypothesis of Ohkushi et al [2003], who advocated the occurrence of better ventilated intermediate water in the Bering Sea during the last glacial period based on radiolarian assemblages. Using a coupled ocean‐atmosphere climate model, Kim and Park [2008] suggested significant increases in surface water densities in the Bering Sea during the last glacial period due to surface water cooling and salinity increases, which would primarily have resulted from a decrease in the precipitation/evaporation ratio over the northern North Pacific. The associated destabilization of the water column could have effectively contributed to NPIW formation in the northern marginal seas of the North Pacific [ Kim and Park , 2008].…”

“…However, because these sites are far from the source regions of NPIW, the observed changes in oxygenation level at intermediate depths [e.g., Behl and Kennett , 1996] may not necessarily represent variation in NPIW intensity [ Hendy et al , 2004; Ortiz et al , 2004; McKay et al , 2005; Dean , 2007]. Kim and Park [2008] advocated a source of NPIW in the northern marginal seas of the North Pacific during the last glacial period based on their coupled ocean‐atmosphere model. Ohkushi et al [2003] hypothesized glacial NPIW production in the Bering Sea based on distribution patterns of radiolarian assemblages in the Bering and Okhotsk Seas.…”

Estimation of Sea Ice Production in the Bering Sea From AMSR‐E and AMSR2 Data, With Special Emphasis on the Anadyr Polynya

“…On the basis of neodymium isotope ratios of the Bering Sea sediments, Horikawa et al (2010) indicated that surface water from the northwestern Bering Sea was subducted to the intermediate layer of the North Pacific at least down to a depth of 800 m during glacial periods. They inferred that such dense water formation was caused by brine rejection associated with high sea ice production in the northwestern Bering Sea, based on a glacial general circulation model (GCM) study (Kim & Park, 2008) and a paleoreconstruction (Katsuki & Takahashi, 2005). Okazaki et al (2010) proposed that deep water extending to depths of 2,500-3,000 m was formed in the North Pacific, possibly from the Bering Sea, during the Last Glacial Termination, on the basis of a paleo-oceanographic reconstruction and global climate model simulations.…”

Late quaternary distribution of the Cycladophora davisiana radiolarian species: Reflection of possible ventilation of the North Pacific intermediate water during the Last Glacial Maximum

“…При моделировании палеоокеанологии Тихого океана в МПО показано уменьшение поступле ния пресной воды в Северную Пацифику [28,62]. Поверхностная соленость в СЗ круговороте, Охотском и Беринговом морях, а также в Аляс кинском заливе могла быть выше, чем сейчас, на 1-1.2 psu (рис.…”

“…Поверхностная соленость в СЗ круговороте, Охотском и Беринговом морях, а также в Аляс кинском заливе могла быть выше, чем сейчас, на 1-1.2 psu (рис. 3), что было достаточно для разви тия вертикальной конвекции с поверхности до глубины 1000 м [28]. Исходя из изотопных данных по δ Таким образом, один из выводов нашего ана лиза распределения C. davisiana -подтверждение возможности существования в субарктической Пацифике во время последнего оледенения про межуточной водной массы (палео ТПВМ), по добной ОПВМ, и сопутствующей вентиляции до промежуточных глубин.…”